Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Certamen > Augustus through Year of Four Emperors > Flashcards

Augustus through Year of Four Emperors Flashcards

1
Q

Explain the different names of Augustus

A

Gaius Octavius (OG), Octavian (after Caesar adopts him), Augustus (Senate calls him this), Princeps (means first citizen, he wants people to call him that)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How was Octavius related to Caesar?

A

Was his great nephew, later his adoptive son

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who’s funeral oration did Octavius give?

A

Julia Minor, Caesar’s sister

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who does Caesar adopt in his will as his heir, angering Antony?

A

Octavian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who delivered Caesar’s funeral oration?

A

Marcus Antonius (Mark Antony)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When was the Battle of Mutina?

A

April 21, 43 BC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Antony went to seize Mutina from which Roman who had control over Cisalpine Gaul, prompting the Battle of Mutina?

A

D. Brutus (Caesar assassinator)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who were the consuls of 43 BC who went with Octavian to take Mutina back from Antony?

A

Hirtius and Pansa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When was the Second Triumvirate formed?

A

43 BC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What consul of 43 BC died from wounds he got at a battle a few days before Mutina, and what was the battle called?

A

Pansa, injured at the Battle of Forum Gallorum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the outcome of the Battle of Mutina?

A

Octavian comes to power, Hirtius dies, Antony retreats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens after the Battle of Mutina?

A

Octavian’s army marches on Rome and kills D. Brutus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What series of 14 speeches did Cicero write against Antony?

A

Philippics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who was in the Second Triumvirate?

A

Mark Antony, Lepidus, Octavius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What law made the Second Triumvirate official?

A

Lex Titia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who was Mark Antony married to?

A

Originally Octavia (Octavian’s sister), then Cleopatra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What were Cleopatra and Antony’s kids named?

A

Twins Cleopatra Selene and Alexander Helios and younger brother Ptolemy Philadelphos.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Who was the Battle of Actium (31 BC) fought between?

A

Antony and Cleopatra vs Octavian and Agrippa (right hand man, built Pantheon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When did the Empire begin?

A

27 BC, when the Senate calls Octavian “Augustus”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What other honorific title was the senate considering giving to Octavian in 27 BC before
deciding on Augustus?

A

Romulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does “Augustus” mean?

A

The revered one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What office did Augustus get in 23 BC?

A

Tribune

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Who found Rome a city of bricks and left it a city of marble?

A

Augustus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What was Augustus’ motto?

A

“Festina lente” (make haste slowly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What emperor extended the empire’s boundaries to Egypt and forbade any general for entering it without his permission?

A

Augustus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Which emperor extended the empire to Illyricum, Pannonia, and Egypt?

A

Augustus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What emperor divided the city of Rome into 14 districts?

A

Augustus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What title did Augustus take in 12 BC after Lepidus’ death?

A

Pontifex Maximus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

At what 9 AD battle did Germanic chieftain Arminius defeat Publius Quinctilius Varus?

A

Battle of the Teutoburg Forest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Who led the Roman forces to a defeat at the Teutoburg Forest?

A

P. Quinctilius Varus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What happened to Quinctilius Varus?

A

Suicide to avoid capture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What Germanic tribe was Arminius from?

A

Cherusci tribe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

How many standards did the Romans lose at the Battle of Teutoburg Forest?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Who avenged the Teutoburg Forest by recovering 2 of 3 lost standards?

A

Germanicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What title did Augustus receive in 2 BC?

A

Pater Patriae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Who was Augustus’s daughter?

A

Julia the Elder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Who were the husbands of Julia the Elder?

A

Marcellus, Agrippa, Tiberius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

When did Augustus rule?

A

27 BC-14 AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Who did Augustus deny a spolia opima, and who had that man defeated?

A

Marcus Licinius Crassus (not Cra$$us) for defeating Deldo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Who were the initial contenders for Augustus’ heir, and why were they never emperor?

A

Marcellus (his nephew and son in law) and Agrippa (right hand man and son in law), both died young

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Who died in 23 BC, making him unable to be Augustus’ heir?

A

Marcellus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Who died in 12 BC, making him unable to be Augustus’ heir?

A

Agrippa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Who did Augustus give his signet ring to, signifying that he wanted him as his heir?

A

Agrippa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Who were Augustus’ grandsons who died young, making them unable to take the throne, and who were their parents?

A

Gaius and Lucius Caesar, sons of Agrippa and Julia the Elder (Augustus’ daughter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Who were Augustus’ wives?

A

Claudia, Scribonia, Livia Drusilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Who were Livia Drusilla’s existing children before she married Augustus?

A

Tiberius (became emperor) and Drusus I (fell off his horse and died)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Who was the son of Drusus I?

A

Germanicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What emperor established the Praetorian Guard?

A

Augustus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Name the Julio-Claudian emperors in order

A

Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Who was the second emperor of Rome?

A

Tiberius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Who was the “reluctant emperor”?

A

Tiberius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Who was killed shortly into Tiberius’ reign, even though he was already exiled, just so there weren’t any issues with the legitimacy of his ascendance?

A

Agrippa Postumus, son of Agrippa and Julia the Elder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Name the only emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty who had no Julian blood.

A

Tiberius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

How was Tiberius related to Augustus?

A

He was Augustus’ stepson (mom was Livia Drusilla)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Who was Tiberius’ first wife, daughter of Agrippa?

A

Vipsania

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

How many kids did Tiberius and Vipsania have?

A

1, Drusus II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Where did Tiberius go into self imposed exile before becoming emperor, and why did he do it?

A

Went to Rhodes because Augustus wanted him to marry Julia the Elder (Augustus’ daughter)

58
Q

What governor of Syria was accused for poisoning Germanicus?

A

Cn. Calpurnius Piso

59
Q

Who plotted against Tiberius?

A

Praetorian prefect Sejanus

60
Q

Who warned Tiberius about Sejanus?

A

Antonia the Younger, his sister in law (and mother of Claudius!)

61
Q

Where did Tiberius retire to, leaving Sejanus in charge?

A

The Island of Capri

62
Q

Who replaced Sejanus after Tiberius had him killed?

A

Macro

63
Q

Who did Tiberius adopt as his co-heirs?

A

Tiberius Gamellus and Caligula

64
Q

What was the barracks of the Praetorian Guard called, made by Sejanus?

A

Castra Praetoria

65
Q

Who was the third emperor of Rome?

A

Caligula

66
Q

Who helped Caligula’s rise to the throne?

A

Macro

67
Q

Who did Caligula have an affair with, the wife of Praetorian Prefect Macro?

A

Ennia Thrasylla

68
Q

Who were Caligula’s parents?

A

Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder

69
Q

Who was Caligula’s sister who would eventually marry Claudius?

A

Agrippina the Younger

70
Q

What happened to Agrippina the Elder?

A

Exiled to Pandateria by Sejanus

71
Q

What favorite sister did Caligula deify posthumously?

A

Drusilla

72
Q

Where does the name Caligula come from?

A

Means “little boot”, he spent time as a child in battle with his father

73
Q

What was a phrase Caligula said?

A

“Oderint dum metuant (let them hate as long as they fear”

74
Q

Who did Caligula try to make consul?

A

His horse Incitatus

75
Q

How did Caligula die?

A

Killed by Cassius Chaerea (Praetorian Guard)

76
Q

Why did Caligula kill his cousin, and what was his name?

A

He kills Tiberius Gamellus because he was supposed to be co-heir with Caligula according to Tiberius’ will

77
Q

Who was Tiberius Gamellus

A

Grandson of Tiberius, was supposed to be co-heir with Caligula, so Caligula killed him

78
Q

Who was the fourth emperor of Rome?

A

Claudius

79
Q

Who was Claudius?

A

Uncle to Caligula, was cowering in curtains when Caligula was killed, Praetorian Guards chose him to rule

80
Q

How much did Claudius pay for the Praetorian Guard’s loyalty and what was this called?

A

15,000 sesterces each
Donativum

81
Q

Pallas, Narcissus, and Polybius were all notorious freedmen of what emperor?

A

Claudius

82
Q

Parents of Claudius

A

Drusus and Antonia the Younger

83
Q

What four provinces did Claudius acquire?

A

Lycia, Thrace, Mauretania, and Britain

84
Q

Who annexed Britannia in 43 AD?

A

Claudius

85
Q

Who led Claudius’ invasion of Britannia in 43 AD?

A

Aulus Plautius

86
Q

Which British King did Claudius capture to get the title Brittanicus?

A

Caratacus, son of Cunobelinus (Shakespeare play about him)

87
Q

What Brigantian queen defeated and handed over Caratacus to the Romans?

A

Queen Cartimandua

88
Q

Who was Claudius’ 3rd wife who was executed for her adultery?

A

Messalina

89
Q

Who did Messalina essentially marry while also married to Claudius, and who informed Claudius?

A

-Gaius Sillius
-Narcissus (freedman) informed him

90
Q

Who was Messalina and Claudius’ son?

A

Britannicus

91
Q

Who was Messalina and Claudius’ daughter?

A

Claudia Octavia

92
Q

How many wives did Claudius have, and who was his last?

A

4, last was Agrippina the Younger

93
Q

How did Claudius die?

A

Agrippina the Younger gave him poisoned mushrooms, securing the throne for her son Nero

94
Q

Who did Agrippina the Younger get the poison to kill Claudius from, the same person that Nero would later use to kill Britannicus?

A

Locusta

95
Q

Who did Nero have poisoned since he was a threat to his title as emperor?

A

Britannicus, his half brother

96
Q

How old was Nero when he was first emperor, and who was regent?

A

16, so Agrippina the Younger was regent until he killed her

97
Q

What was Nero’s original name?

A

Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus

98
Q

During who’s reign did Boudicca’s revolt occur in?

A

Nero

99
Q

What tribe was Boudicca from?

A

Iceni (in Britannia)

100
Q

Who did Nero send to suppress Boudicca’s revolt?

A

Seutonius Paulinus

101
Q

Who’s army killed 70-80K Romans during her revolt against the Roman rule of Britannia?

A

Boudicca

102
Q

What was the name of Nero’s pregnant 2nd wife whom he killed by kicking her stomach?

A

Poppaea Sabina

103
Q

Who were Nero’s three wives?

A

Claudia Octavia, Poppaea Sabina, Statilia Messalina

104
Q

Who was Claudia Octavia?

A

Daughter of Messalina+Claudius, sister of Britannicus, first wife of Nero

105
Q

What emperor hosted the Juvenalia, or Ludi Juvenales, to honor his transition to adulthood?

A

Nero

106
Q

When did Nero fiddle?

A

During the Great Fire of Rome (64 AD)

107
Q

What did Nero build in the wreckage of the fire?

A

Domus Aurea

108
Q

Who led a conspiracy against Nero in 65 AD?

A

C. Calpurnius Piso

109
Q

Who were Piso’s main co-conspirators?

A

tribune Subrius Flavus and centurion Sulpicius Asper

110
Q

Who was accused of aiding Piso’s assassination attempt of Nero even though he was Nero’s tutor and then was forced to commit suicide?

A

Seneca the Younger

111
Q

What future emperor helped put down the Pisonian conspiracy and got a triumph for it?

A

Nerva

112
Q

Which emperor enjoyed participating in chariot racing and musical performances?

A

Nero

113
Q

What future emperor fell out of favor with Nero when he fell asleep during a musical performance of his?

A

Vespasian

114
Q

How many horses did Nero use in his Olympic chariot race, and how many did the others have?

A

He had 10, the others had 4

115
Q

What general and governor did Nero force to commit suicide?

A

Domitius Corbulo

116
Q

Which governor of Gallia Lugdunensis rebelled against Nero’s tax policies in March of 68 AD?

A

Vindex

117
Q

What was Vindex the governor of?

A

Gallia Lugdunensis

118
Q

What future emperors supported Vindex’s rebellion?

A

Galba and Otho

119
Q

Who did Nero send to defeat Vindex at Vesontio?

A

Lucius Verginius Rufus

120
Q

How and when does Nero die?

A

Commits suicide on June 9, 68 AD

121
Q

What were Nero’s last words before he committed suicide on June 9, 68 AD?

A

“Qualis artifex pereo” (what an artist dies with me)

122
Q

When was the year of four emperors?

A

69 AD

123
Q

What were the emperor of 69 AD?

A

Galba, Otho, Vitellius, Vespasian (GOVV)

124
Q

What was Galba the governor of?

A

Hispania Tarraconensis

125
Q

What was Otho the governor of?

A

Lusitania (Portugal)

126
Q

What governor of Lusitania had to give up his wife Poppaea Sabina to Nero?

A

Otho

127
Q

What did Galba do on his way to Rome after being declared emperor?

A

Led a scorched earth campaign

128
Q

What does Galba refuse to do, prompting Otho to use this as an opportunity to have him killed and take the throne for himself?

A

Galba refuses to bribe the Praetorian Guard (the standard practice)

129
Q

Who did Galba adopt rather than Otho, prompting Otho to have him killed?

A

Lucius Calpurnius Piso

130
Q

How did Galba die?

A

Killed by Praetorian Guard

131
Q

Who did Galba have killed for cutting off Rome’s grain supply?

A

African governor Clodius Macer

132
Q

Which of the 69 AD emperors committed suicide?

A

Otho

133
Q

Who owed his ascension to the imperial throne to two commanders of the Rhine legions
named Fabius Valens and Caecina Alienus?

A

Vitellius

134
Q

At what battle does Vitellius defeat Otho for the throne, prompting Otho to kill himself?

A

First Battle of Bedriacum (69 AD)

135
Q

At what battle was Vitellius defeated and Vespasian risen to the throne?

A

Second Battle of Bedriacum (69 AD)

136
Q

Who fought on Vespasian’s behalf at the Second Battle of Bedriacum?

A

Antonius Primus

137
Q

Where was Vespasian when he was proclaimed emperor?

A

Egypt

138
Q

What island did Augustus exile Julia the Elder to?

A

Pandateria

139
Q

Grandson of Augustus, adopted and exiled

A

Postumus

140
Q

Who did Augustus make Tiberius adopt?

A

Germanicus

141
Q

Caligula’s wife

A

Caesonia

142
Q

Wives of Claudius

A

Plautia Urgulanilla, Aelia Paetina, Messalina, Aggripina the Younger

Certamen (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions