Romantic Period Flashcards
period of Western Classical music that ran from 1820 to 1900
Romantic period
the term originated from the Medieval romance, a poem or tale about heroic events or persons
romantic
Freedom of form — composers wrote more emotional and personal pieces.
Lyrical, or song-like melodies
Dramatic contrasts of dynamics & pitch
Big orchestras — due to the invention of valves for brass instruments
Technical virtuosity
Characteristics of Romantic music
is a piece of music inspired by or evocative of the night
nocturne
comes from the French word for “nocturnal” which meant “night.”
nocturne
is a character piece for piano, which means that it is a short composition written for piano which expresses a specific mood
nocturne
who published the first examples of nocturnes in 1814
John Field
what form is nocturne written
ABA
is a technical exercise that tackled a specific problem that evolved into a musical composition
etude
Coming from the French word for “study,”
etude
published collections of the first etudes in the late 18th to the early 19th century
Muzio Clementi
was initially a Polish folk dance in the 15th and 16th century
Polonaise
is French for Polish
Polonaise
was used as an umbrella term by French people for various Polish folk dances, which first came to France in the 17th century
Polonaise
mainly referred to piano music
Polonaise
Polonaise characterizations
Triple time;
Slow to moderate tempo;
March-like rhythm.
Frédéric Chopin was born in
Warsaw, Poland in 1810
He was a composer and virtuoso pianist who wrote pieces primarily for solo piano performance.
Frédéric Chopin
__ years old, he left Warsaw, Poland and moved to Paris, France(Frédéric Chopin)
20
moved to Paris, France—where he stayed until his death in_ ____ possibly due to tuberculosis.(Frédéric Chopin)
October 1849
At a young age, he was already showing signs of having high musical talent
Frédéric Chopin
He grew up listening to his mother and older sister playing the piano, and by the age of _, he was already reproducing what he was hearing and creating new ones.(Frédéric Chopin)
6
He was then put under the tutelage of _ _, a 61-year old all-around musician, but Chopin was so advanced in his skill that he was able to surpass those of his teacher’s
Wojciech Zywny
he was enrolled in the Warsaw Conservatory of Music at(Frédéric Chopin)
16
a Polish composer who also taught Chopin music theory
director of Warsaw Conservatory of Music
Joseph Elsner
He was sent by his parents to study in _(Frédéric Chopin)(Vienna)
Vienna
he made his performance debut in ____(Frédéric Chopin)
1829
He was able to write his first(Frédéric Chopin)
etudes
When he was much older, he supported himself financially by(Frédéric Chopin)
teaching piano and selling his compositions
He also played public concerts.(Frédéric Chopin)
Frédéric Chopin
Chopin was admired by his musical contemporaries, including _ _ with whom he formed a friendship.
Franz Liszt
He wrote in a variety of styles that contained influences from Polish folk music as well as the Baroque & classical techniques of Bach and Mozart.
Frédéric Chopin
Franz Liszt was born in
Raiding, Hungary
Franz Liszt was born on(date)
October 22, 1811
His father,_ , was a multi-instrumentalist and was his first music teacher, teaching him piano.(Franz Liszt)
Adam
By the age of _, Liszt was already a known prodigy, and by age _, he was already doing short compositions
6, 8
he was already performing in concerts at age(Franz Liszt)
9
Mozart’s rival, offered to teach Franz Liszt composition for free after hearing him play in a home in Vienna, and for the next few months, Liszt would perform for both kings and musicians.
Antonio Salieri
His father, Adam, would pass away in ____, and this would result in a very depressive period for Franz.
1826
Because of his grief, he turned away from music and instead focused on reading books about art and religion.
It would later be realized that the things he read about would inspire his later musical compositions.
l
Before his death, he continued to work on compositions and was also able to put up the _ _ _ _ _ _ in Budapest.(Franz Liszt)
Royal National Hungarian Academy of Music
Liszt died in ____ due to pneumonia.
1886
Composers of the Romantic Period
Franz Schubert
Franz Liszt
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Robert Schumann
Johannes Brahms
Sergei Rachmaninoff
Felix Mendelssohn
Frédéric Chopin
Antonín Dvořák
was a Russian
composer born on April 25, 1840, in
Guberniya, Russia.
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
is known for his
compositions such as “Nutcracker” and
“Swan Lake.”
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
His music training first came from a
freed serf, or peasant, at age _.(Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky)
5
He studied in _ _ _ _where his
father was appointed as the
director.(Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky)
St. Petersburg
Technological Institute
Under Kundinger’s guidance,
Tchaikovsky was opened up to
_ _ and the influence of
Mozart.
German music
From 1862 to 1865, he studied
harmony, counterpoint, and fugue
composition under ,(Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky)
Nikolai
Zaremba
as well as instrumentation
and composition, under the founder
of the St. Petersburg Conservatory,
Anton Rubinstein
In 1891, he toured _ and conducted
performances of his own music.(Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky)
America
On May 5, he conducted a performance of
his _ _ on the night of the
opening of New York’s Carnegie Hall.(Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky)
Marche Solennelle
Other compositions of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Pater Noster, Piano Concerto No. 1, and
Serenade for Strings.
He died in 1893 due to _.
cholera
was a French
composer who was born on October 9,
1835, in Paris, France.
Camille Saint-Saëns
He was raised by his widowed mother and
her aunt—both introduced him to music at
an early age by teaching him(Camille Saint-Saëns)
piano
he
was also a _ _ and displayed the
ability of perfect pitch at the age of two.(Camille Saint-Saëns)
child prodigy
He gave his first recital in ____ and studied
organ and composition at the Conservatory
of Paris.(Camille Saint-Saëns)
1846
In ____, his Symphony No. 1 was
performed.(Camille Saint-Saëns)
1855
In ___, he became the organist of
the Church of the Madeleine in
Paris, where he would remain to be
so for 20 years.(Camille Saint-Saëns)
1857
_ _, who would eventually
become very good friends with
Saint-Saens, described him as the
finest organist in the world.(Camille Saint-Saëns)
Franz Liszt
he became
a piano teacher at the Niedermeyer
School.(Camille Saint-Saëns)
Between 1861 and 1865,
In ____, he helped establish the
National Society of Music.(Camille Saint-Saëns)
1871
He also wrote his first symphonic poem
in the same year called(Camille Saint-Saëns)
Le Rouet
d’Omphale (Omphale’s Spinning
Wheel).
turn
out to be one of the most performed of
his four symphonic poems.(Camille Saint-Saëns)
Le Rouet
d’Omphale and Danse Macabre
was his
most popular, but it was not originally
well-received by the French public.(Camille Saint-Saëns)
His opera Samson et Dalila
From ____ onwards, he went on
extensive tours of Europe, the
United States, South America, the
Middle East, and East Asia.(Camille Saint-Saëns)
1878
He died on(Camille Saint-Saëns)
December 16, 1921.
