G10 Impressionist Music Flashcards
a
nineteenth-century movement
in the visual arts
Developed in Paris
Impressionism
(visual arts)well-known proponents were
Claude Monet
Auguste Renoir
Paul Cezanne
Edgar Degass
year of exhibition of impressionist works
1874
place of exhibition of impressionist works
Paris
Claude Debussy’s birth date
August 22, 1862
Where did Claude Debussy live?
He lived just outside of Paris
Where did Claude Debussy studied?
studied at the conservatory outside of Paris
Was Claude Debussy greatly influenced by music from other sources?
Yes
When did Claude Debussy win the Grand Prix de Rome?
1884
Claude Debussy won Grand Prix de Rome for his cantata
“L’Enfant Prodigue.”
When was Paris Universal Exposition held in?
1899
It was here that Claude Debussy first encountered
Javanese gamelan music, as well as
Russian music
Paris Universal Exposition,
Who conducted Russian music in concerts in the Paris Universal Exposition?
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
This distinguished Claude Debussy not only from
his German counterparts but also from
his French contemporaries.
encountering Javanese gamelan music and Russian music
Series of three orchestral sketches
entitled
(Claude Debussy)
La Mer
La Mer in English
The Sea
Composed and published in (1905), it
was initially met with dislike because
of its then-unusual sound.
La Mer
In fact, in its Boston premiere, a critic
wrote that perhaps the piece was
mistakenly named La Mer, and
instead should have been named
Le Mal de Mer
Le Mal de Mer in English
seasickness
important characteristic of La Mer that became an identifying
characteristic of Debussy’s works
atmospheric quality
in the traditional Germanic sense, is the centrality of one
pitch or chord while all others derive roles and functions only in
relation to the said notes or chords.
Tonality
Drives a piece of music forward, as other chords and pitches create
_ that requires a logical resolution, often to the central pitch.
tension
Maurice Ravel’s birth date
March 7 1875
His family was supportive of his musical
aspirations, and his father encouraged his
musical talent when it manifested itself at
an early age.
Maurice Ravel
Maurice Ravel entered the Paris Conservatory at age _
14
At 14, he entered the Paris Conservatory
and stayed there until _
1905
Maurice Ravel attempted to win the Grand Prix de Rome _
thrice
the more conservative members of the
competition’s jury felt his music was much
too _. This stirred up quite a
scandal, forcing then director of the conservatory to resign.
(Maurice Ravel)
advanced
director of the
conservatory
Théodore Dubois
Ravel’s Jeux d’eau was composed and published in _.
1901
Ravel’s Jeux d’eau is translated as
Play of Water
One of Ravel’s earlier works.
Ravel’s Jeux d’eau
One senses the familiarly
atmospheric tonal richness
similar to that of Debussy.
Ravel’s Jeux d’eau
as can be heard in the piece, while atmospheric and
repetitive, similar to Debussy, lacks Debussy’s air of mystery.
Ravel’s music
define the music of Ravel
Such clarity and restraint
The Russian-born composer _ _ once even likened the
French composer to a “Swiss watchmaker,”
(Maurice Ravel)
Igor Stravinsky
The Russian-born composer Igor Stravinsky once even likened the
French composer to a “Swiss watchmaker,”
about his technical
proficiency, clarity, and precision.
Expressionism as an art movement
began in
Germany
Against the current of the art of the
Romantic period in that it avoided
realism completely
Expressionism
focused on the inner life of an artist, often translating turbulent and tumultuous emotions onto the canvas.
Expressionist works
Expressionism in the Visual Arts
Edward Munch
Wassily Kandinsky
Arnold Schoenberg birthdate
September 13, 1874
Arnold Schoenberg birthplace
Vienna
The age of Arnold Schoenberg when his father died
16
Began composing for and playing the _
at an early age.
(Arnold Schoenberg)
violin
Did Arnold Schoenberg’s father’s passing leave their family with financial difficulties?
Yes
Arnold Schoenberg began working as a _ at a bank
clerk
He began working as a clerk at a bank,
where he met and befriended the
composer and conductor _ _ _.
(Arnold Schoenberg)
Alexander von
Zemlinsky
Zemlinsky was instrumental in
Schoenberg’s musical development; he
taught Schoenberg _ and _.
harmony and
counterpoint.
Aside from his studies with
Zemlinsky, he was mostly __.
(Arnold Schoenberg)
self-taught
Most striking upon first hearing this(Zwei Lieder, Op. 14) work is Schoenberg’s use of
free chromaticism.
Schoenberg is credited with being the
first composer to break away from
that completely.
-
put simply, is music where the relationships between the central pitch and all other pitches create a sense of tension that requires resolution
Tonal music,
Two influential student of Schoenberg
Anton Webern
Alban Berg
First Viennese School
Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven
Anton Friedrich Wilhelm von
Webern was an Austrian _ and conductor.
composer
and conductor
Second Viennese School
Arnold Schoenberg
Anton Webern
Alban Berg
Webern began studying with
Schoenberg in
1904
he studied musicology and
composition at the _ _ _
University of
Vienna
he studied musicology and
composition at the University of
Vienna, eventually earning his
doctorate in
1906
Alban Maria Johannes Berg was an
Austrian _ of the Second
Viennese School.
composer
His compositional style combined
Romantic lyricism with the
_ _.
twelve-tone technique
Berg also began studying with
Schoenberg in _
1904
Berg was taken on by Schoenberg as
a _ _ _ _ _ _; he would not have been able to
afford such lessons otherwise.
private student without having to
pay
Webern is most known for his
Passacaglia (1908) as well as his
various lieder,
Berg is known for his groundbreaking creations
in the operatic genre:
Wozzeck (1921) and Lulu (unfinished at his
death in 1935; completed by Friedrich Cerha and premiered in 1979).
