G10 Afro-Latin American Music & African-American Vocal Forms

Question 1

call & response;

vocal effects—including falsetto
and vocal rhythmization;

improvisation—both lyrical and
vocal;

syncopated rhythms; and

complex multi-part harmony—as
heard in spirituals and barbershop
music.

Question 2

Mostly evolved from the work
songs sung by slaves.

Double purpose—to regulate their
pace of work and avoid lashes by
their masters.

Communicate with each other
through drumming.

Drumming was a way for them to
plot an escape.

Question 3

vocal effects

Answer 3

including falsetto and vocal rhythmization;

Question 4

improvisation

Answer 4

both lyrical and vocal

Question 5

syncopated rhythms

Question 6

heard in spirituals and barbershop music

Answer 6

complex multi-part harmony

Question 7

Mostly evolved from the _ _ sung by slaves

Answer 7

work songs

Question 8

to regulate their pace of work and avoid lashes by their masters

Answer 8

Double purpose

Question 9

Communicate with each other through _

Answer 9

drumming

Question 10

was a way for them to plot an escape

Answer 10

Drumming

Question 11

genre of songs originating in the United States and created by African Americans.

Answer 11

Spirituals

Question 12

were originally an oral tradition that imparted Christian values while also describing the hardships of slavery

Answer 12

Spirituals

Question 13

Spirituals are _ songs created by African-Americans

Answer 13

Christian

Question 14

It serves as a response to the hardships of the slaves in America.

Answer 14

Spirituals

Question 15

Reflected a longing for _, both spiritual and bodily, and relief from slavery.

Answer 15

freedom

Question 16

Songs functioned as _.

Answer 16

codes

Question 17

Songs like “,” “,” and “_” had hidden instructions that explained how to escape to the North.

Answer 17

“Follow the Drinking Gourd”
“Steal Away”
“Wade in the Water”

Question 18

Songs directly conveyed the despair of the slaves such as “_.”

Answer 18

I’m Troubled in Mind

Question 19

also served as protest songs against slavery by using biblical metaphors

Answer 19

Spirituals

Question 20

Spirituals also served as protest songs against slavery by using biblical metaphors. An example of this is the lyrics of “_.”

Answer 20

“Go Down, Moses”

Question 21

one of the simplest musical forms and is also one of the most famous.

Answer 21

blues

Question 22

one of the simplest musical forms and is also one of the most famous.

Answer 22

blues

Question 23

_ was a product of slavery when African-American slaves sang songs to move on from their sadness.

Answer 23

Blues

Question 24

Blues was a product of slavery when African-American slaves sang songs to move on from their _.

Answer 24

sadness

Question 25

The word “blues” came from the word “blue,” synonymous with the feeling of _.

Answer 25

sadness

Question 26

was a composer and musician who referred to himself as the Father of the Blues.
was one of the most influential songwriters in the United States.

Answer 26

William Christopher Handy

Question 27

His composition “_” (1912) was highly popular and was performed by a lot of other artists.

(William Christopher Handy)

Answer 27

“Memphis Blues”

Question 28

Soul began to develop in the US in the _

Answer 28

1950s

Question 29

Combination of two styles: blues and gospel.

Answer 29

Soul

Question 30

Characterized by intense vocals, call & response similar to church music, and extravagant melisma.

Answer 30

Soul

Question 31

is considered the “Queen of Soul.

Answer 31

Aretha Franklin

Question 32

Some of her most famous songs are “” and “.”

Answer 32

“Respect”

“I Never Loved a Man (the Way I Love You)”

Question 33

In the 1960s, soul came to be known as the

Answer 33

“Motown Sound”

Question 34

was a record label who produced many pop, soul, and gospel artists

Answer 34

Motown

Question 35

Some of the famous artists from the Motown era are

Answer 35

Marvin Gaye (“Can I Get a Witness”)
Stevie Wonder (“Uptight [Everything’s Alright]”)