roman food, meals, and agriculture

Question 1

what was the easiest choice of all domestic meals

Answer 1

pork

Question 2

flesh furnished for banquets

Answer 2

exta

Question 3

dormous

Answer 3

glīs/nītēdula

Question 4

how was glīs/nītēdula considered in rome

Answer 4

a great delicacy

Question 5

seafood

Answer 5

piscis

Question 6

salted and dried fish, eggs, and cheese

Answer 6

tȳrotarīchus

Question 7

salted and dried fish

Answer 7

tarīchos

Question 8

mullet fish

Answer 8

mullus

Question 9

turbot

Answer 9

rhombus

Question 10

fish sauce from sturgeon or mackerel

Answer 10

garum/liquāmen

Question 11

how was garum/liquāmen made

Answer 11

cooked in sea water and fermented for several months

Question 12

fish sauce from tuna or any kind of brine

Answer 12

muria

Question 13

tuna

Answer 13

thunnus

Question 14

residue from the making of the fish sauce or cheap home made fish sauce from common fish given to slaves

Answer 14

allēc

Question 15

mill

Answer 15

mola

Question 16

more elaborate type of mola

Answer 16

trapētum

Question 17

lower millstone

Answer 17

mēta

Question 18

upper millstone

Answer 18

catillus

Question 19

press used to make the olives

Answer 19

torcular/preculum

Question 20

dark and bitter liquid composed of the impurities removed from
the pressing of the olive used as fertilize

Answer 20

amurca

Question 21

what was first pressing olive oil used for

Answer 21

cosmetics

Question 22

what was second pressing olive oil used for

Answer 22

cooking

Question 23

what was third pressing olive oil used for

Answer 23

fuel for lamps

Question 24

olive oil

Answer 24

oleum (olīvum)

Question 25

preparation of the olive

Answer 25

epitȳrum

Question 26

list the 3 steps of epitȳrum

Answer 26

1. removal of stones
2. chopping of the pulp
3. seasoning with vinegar, coriander seeds, cumin, fennel, mint

Question 27

fruits

Answer 27

mala

Question 28

peach

Answer 28

mālum Persicum

Question 29

pomegranate

Answer 29

mālum Pūnicum

Question 30

apricot

Answer 30

mālum Armeniacum

Question 31

currant

Answer 31

mālum Corinthum

Question 32

(circular loaves of) bread

Answer 32

panes

Question 33

best bread made of pure wheat flour

Answer 33

pānis siligneus

Question 34

common bread made of coarse flour and/or bran

Answer 34

pānis plēbēius

Question 35

army bread

Answer 35

pānis castrēnsis

Question 36

dark bread

Answer 36

pānis sordidus

Question 37

country bread

Answer 37

pānis rūsticus

Question 38

pot-herbs

Answer 38

herbae pulmentāriae

Question 39

vegetable garden

Answer 39

hortus holitōrius

Question 40

porridge

Answer 40

puls

Question 41

how was puls made

Answer 41

mushed far with water

Question 42

porridge eaters or “countrymen”

Answer 42

pultiphagōnidae

Question 43

who referrred to pultiphagōnidae as countrymen

Answer 43

plautus

Question 44

drinks

Answer 44

pōtūs

Question 45

water

Answer 45

aqua

Question 46

grape juice

Answer 46

mustum

Question 47

vat-like jar used to ferment mustum into wine

Answer 47

dōlium

Question 48

cell for fermenting wine where jars were left uncovered for nine days

Answer 48

vīnāria cella

Question 49

wine

Answer 49

vinum

Question 50

vinegar

Answer 50

acetum

Question 51

tasteless wine/vinegar

Answer 51

vappa

Question 52

honeyed wine

Answer 52

mulsum

Question 53

how was mulsum made

Answer 53

four parts wine, one part honey

Question 54

honeyed water

Answer 54

mulsa

Question 55

how was mulsa made

Answer 55

one part honey, two parts water

Question 56

grape jelly/juice, new wine

Answer 56

sapa/dēfrutum/dēfritum

Question 57

watered down vinegar

Answer 57

posca

Question 58

breakfast

Answer 58

iēntāculum

Question 59

midday siesta

Answer 59

merīdiātiō

Question 60

lunch

Answer 60

prandium

Question 61

dinner

Answer 61

cena

Question 62

appetizer

Answer 62

gustātiō/prōmulsis/gustus/antecēna

Question 63

main course

Answer 63

fercula

Question 64

dessert

Answer 64

secunda mēnsa

Question 65

when were prayers and offerings done during a meal

Answer 65

before secunda mēnsa

Question 66

supper

Answer 66

merenda/vesperna

Question 67

banquet/drinking pary

Answer 67

convīvium

Question 68

drinking party

Answer 68

comissātiō/compōtātiō

Question 69

Greek for “a drinking together”

Answer 69

symposium

Question 70

early & long banqet

Answer 70

convīvium tempestīvum

Question 71

when did convīvium tempestīvum begin

Answer 71

before the 9th hour

Question 72

unwelcomed guests

Answer 72

umbrae

Question 73

common foods the romans did not have

Answer 73

• rice, pasta, potato, corn, sugar
• tomatoes, oranges, bananas, strawberries, raspberries
• chocolate, coffee, tea
• distilled spirits

Question 74

tenant farmer

Answer 74

colōnus

Question 75

pleasure estate

Answer 75

vīlla urbāna/pseudourbāna

Question 76

framework for growing vines

Answer 76

pergula

Question 77

plough

Answer 77

arātrum

Question 78

how many times were field to be plowed

Answer 78

twice

Question 79

in what manner were fields supposed to be plowed

Answer 79

• first time: straight

- second time: sloping

Question 80

how many times did pliny the younger think fields shohuld be plowed

Answer 80

9

Question 81

what were cato’s rules of farming (3)

Answer 81

1. plough well
2. plough well
3. manure well

Question 82

gardens

Answer 82

horti

Question 83

personal garden

Answer 83

xystus

Question 84

what plants did xystus have

Answer 84

flowers– roses, lillies, violets

Question 85

garden for driving or riding

Answer 85

hippodromus

Question 86

gardens for walking or being carried in a lectīca

Answer 86

gestātiōnēs

Question 87

alfalfa plant

Answer 87

medica

Question 88

rotation of crops

Answer 88

medica