RO Plants

Question 1

how does a centrifugal pump work?

Answer 1

• Fluid enters the pump,into an impeller where it rotates before being forced out the discharge side.

Question 2

What is an Impeller?

Answer 2

Rotor used to increase the pressure and flow of a fluid.
used in dam turbine generators

Question 3

What is suction pulsation?

Answer 3

Changes in flow rate causing pressure spikes

Question 4

Pulsation damper

Answer 4

Ensures stable flow & pressure by absorbing the changes in pressure

Question 5

Cushion Membrane

Answer 5

• Consists of a fleece sheet between 2 membranes
• Outer edges sealed by ultrasonic welding
• ‘O’ seals stop cross contamination

Question 6

Concentration control valves

Answer 6

• Fitted to discharge lines
• Closing this valve increases back pressure on the system
• Forcing the S/W through the membranes
• This affects the quality of water produced,but increases volume

Question 7

Osmosis principles

Answer 7

S/W diluted with fresh water,reducing salt concentration

Question 8

Reverse Osmosis principles

Answer 8

Apply pressure to S/W to force it through a semi permeable membrane, leaving only salt concentrated solution.

Question 9

TDS

Answer 9

• Total dissolved solids
• S/W 34,000ppm
• After desal 250-300 ppm
• 80% of S/W is ejected 56,000ppm

Question 10

Describe RO process

Answer 10

• HPSW is pumped into the ro plant by a centrifugal pump
• The S/W is filtered through 2 stages of filters
  1 bag filter 60 microns
  2 cartridge filter 10 microns
• The filtered water goes through the HP pump,which is a 3 cylinder piston type pump & is boosted to 65bar
• Pulsation dampers are fitted before the HP pump to smooth pulsations
• Water is forced through the cushion membranes
• Permeate leaves the cushion stack & goes into fresh water tank
• Concentrate leaves the cushion stack and out through the D.O.B