Rivers

Question 0

What is the course?

Answer 0

The route of the river.

Question 1

What is a source?

Answer 1

It is the point where the river begins.

Question 2

What is the tributary?

Answer 2

It is when a small river or stream that joins the main river.

Question 3

What is the confluence?

Answer 3

It is the point where the tributary joins the river

Question 4

What is the mouth?

Answer 4

It is where the river enters the sea.

Question 5

What is the estuary?

Answer 5

It is the part of a river mouth that is tidal.

Question 6

What is the river basin?

Answer 6

The area of land that is drained by rivers.

Question 7

What is a water shed?

Answer 7

High ground the separates one river basin from anothers

Question 8

What are the three stages of a river?

Answer 8

The Upper/ youthful stage
The Middle/ middle stage
The Lower/ old stage

Question 9

What features are in the youthful stage of a river?

Answer 9

V-shaped valleys

Waterfalls

Question 10

Describe the youthful stage in a river.

Answer 10

The river flows quickly in down slopes and is usually small but can get bigger during heavy rain.

Question 11

What is a waterfall?

Answer 11

A waterfall is a fall of water caused by a drop in the river.

Question 12

What are V-shaped valleys?

Answer 12

They have steep sides and steep slopes which is why youthful rivers flow quickly.

Question 13

What are the features of the Middle stages?

Answer 13

Meanders

Floodplains

Question 14

Describe the middle stages of a river.

Answer 14

The river slows down in the middle stage and has more water because it has been joined by tributaries.

Question 15

What are Meanders?

Answer 15

Meanders are the bends of rivers when they flow from side to side.

Question 16

What is a floodplain?

Answer 16

They are the stretch of land on one pr both sides of a rivers channel.

Question 17

How is floodplain caused?

Answer 17

It is caused by abbrasion this is when the rivers load hits its banks and wears it away.

Question 18

What is alluvium or silt?

Answer 18

When heavy rain falls it spreads on the land leaves a fine material called silt.

Question 19

What does alluvium have?

Answer 19

It had minerals.

Question 20

What does the old stage of a river look like?

Answer 20

The river flows slowly, it has big meanders and it has wide level floodplains

Question 21

What are the features of the old stage of a river?

Answer 21

Meander, Ox-bow lake, Levees and Deltas.

Question 22

What is an ox bow lake?

Answer 22

When there is a curvy meander since rivers take the easiest route they erode the curves until there is a giant piece of land in the middle of the river they soon deposit their load making a horse shoe.

Question 23

What are levees?

Answer 23

These are tiny slopes that are made of the rivers load.

Question 24

What are Deltas?

Answer 24

This when the river deposits its alluvium in the mouths and are usually in a triangular shape.

Question 25

Name and explain a feature of river erosion(long question)

Answer 25

This is a vertical drop in the youthful stage of a river.The areas of soft rocks erode by hydraulic action and abrasion.While erosion continues it forms a notch that larger until it forms a vertical slope.because of abrasion the load begins to form a plunge.Since soft rock erodes faster than hard rock it creates an overhang that eventually collapses when it’s unsupported as seen in the diagram.When happens it forms it retreats and forms a gorge, this is called headward erosion

Question 26

Name and explain a feature of river deposition?

Answer 26

This is an oxbow lake that is formed in the old stage of a river and used to be a meander. Hydraulic action happened near the meander, the neck gets thinner as seen in the diagram.When the river floods the rivers gains energy and the power cuts the the neck of the meander.Alluvium spreads on the river banks and this deposition cuts the meander off and it forms an oxbow lake