Population Flashcards
Stage 2(population cycle)
Industrial revolution began, had better foods and medicines
People lived longer
Birth rates were high
Death were low
Stage 1 (population cycle)
200 years ago before the industrial revolution
most people lived in the countryside and were farmers
B-rates and D-rates were high
Stage 3(population cycle)
People had good jobs and no child labour in mines and factories
Economic development is more advanced
More people lived in cities and there were fewer babies
Birth rates were down
Death rates were down
Stage 4 (population cycle)
Countries are very wealthy e.g Europe
People plan familes, birth rates and death rates are still low
People live till old age
Population growth is slow
Stage 5
Death rate is greater than birth rate because people are having less children, people live till elderly age, population begins to decline e.g Germany
Factors that influence the rate of population change
Food supply, improved technology, health, war, status of women, education
Food supply
Extra food helps population grow, modern farmers use better seeds than before, they use crop rotation to stop losing minerals from soil, fertilisers increase output per hectare, grains are stored in silos so it isn’t soiled by rain or eaten by pests, colonisation from europe advanced agricultural methods in South America, Africa and Asia
Health
Affects population, health is influenced by the following factors;Quality of drinking water, proper sanitation, childhood vaccinations, good health services,
Health in rich countries
Have treated water for safe domestic use. In Ireland, Germany and other developed countries, treated domestic water supplys and modern sanitations are available to almost all of the population, 3,000 yearly deaths were caused by TB in Ireland till the mid 20th century in 1948 was stamped out in a major campaign using drugs
Health in poor countries
In Brazil filtered water is available in cities but in rural areas don’t have it and depend on wells which are contaminated by animals and is unsafe, there is also unavailable in shantytowns outside cities giving them diseases such as cholera
War
Health is affected by war due to lack of farming, health services, water supplies and sanitation systems, it also affects population due to bombings for soldiers and civilians, Germany’s population decreased on the 1940s because of the First and Second WW it caused 5 million peoples deaths
Education
The more educated a person is the less children they have, when a woman is educated they will decide to plan family size to pursue their career they are also more likely to family plan and be aware of personal hygiene and childrens diet causing them to raise healthy children developed countries have less kids because women are educated where as in develping countries women are less educated and have mroe kids
Child mortality in the developed world
Healthy mothers have healthy babies
Mothers reviceive and excellent care during pregnancy
Most women have babies in maternity hospitals where the health of the mom and the baby os monitored at all times
Young children receive many vaccinations against meningitis
Safe water is provided amd the mother is educated about the babies health
Child mortality in developing countries
Mothers are uneducated about the importance of hygiene
Many mothers are not given the proper care when they’re in labour
Its likely that a poor family will have poor health meaning the baby won’t be healthy
Efforts are being made to give vaccinate babies against diseases
Life expectancy in developing countries
Infant mortality is high
Malnutrition affects the poor causing them to die of TB and maleria
Tens of miilions of people drink contaminated water that can give yhem diseases
Over 500,000 women die after chilbirth each year most in poor countries
Many countries suffer from terrible wars a civil war broke in the Democratic Republic of Congo 1997-2006 causing 3.5 m deaths
The dublin region
It has a high population density
Contains abou 30% of the population of ROI and growing
High population due to seat of government
Dublin is Irelands chief port
Is a major distribution and retail centre
Irelands most important education, cultural, administrative and commercial urban centre
West of Ireland
Has a low population density
Much of it is isolated
Outward migration has very serious effects on parish communities
Low marraige rates in rural areas
People who migrate from rural areas are young
When they leave for county towns/cities ewerbyoung people remain
Many young women went to britain for jobs so farmers couldn’t convince women to move to the countryside
Fewer marraiges generally lead to fewer children
Abandonment of agricultural land
West of Ireland has many small farms, some too small to provide a living
Much of the land in the west is mountains
Many farmers have become part time farmers
Many landowners convert their land to forestry and receive grants
As they don’t need to live on the land many move to urban centres for work
Political and economic isolation
It is a peripheral area
Its not felt to be a centre of power and influence
Incomes are generally lower than Dublin area
In 2008 there was no motorway on any of the western seaboard continues
Many parts of the west did not have broadband in 2008
Calcutta
One of the worlds largest cities population of 15.7million (2008)
A great manufacturing city and a major port
Has a famous university and modern hospitals
Great poverty and wealth exist side by side
Overcrowding in Calcutta
Parts of the city has a density of 32,000people per km*
Many migrate from the countryside because of evictions, famine, floods, violence and poverty
Newly arrived poor migrants live in shantytowns usually in near railway stations or on pavements
Has a high birth rate contributes to rapid growth of the population
Shortage of water in Calcutta
Providing a clean water supply for a rapidly growing population has been a major problem for the city
Middle class homes have water on tap
Poor districts don’t have water piped homes
Water pipes are located on pavements providing water for short periods of time several times a day
People collect their daily water in containers
In poor districts they wash clothes and shower in washing areas on pavements water pumoed from the river Hooghly
Lack of open space in Calcutta
Due to population pressure there isn’t enough open space
Front and back gardens are non existent
Children play on side streets near their homes
Much of the city is conducted on the pavement, people sleep on them, craftsmen conduct business on them
Many cook and sell food to passing trade on pavements
