Economic Inequality Flashcards
Colonialism
European countries colonised many parts of the world. This means they took over many counties making them into colonies, often by force.
Exploited raw materials and mineral wealth
Stripped countries of natural resources
E.g Britain and France colonised parts of Asia
Trade
European countries used their colonies to provide them with cheap raw material e.g crude oil, Bauxite, uranium
Cash Crops - grown for export e.g coffee, tobacco, cotton
In the North they buy these resources cheaply, process them and sell them at a high profit
Debt and Corruption
Development difficult because of debt and corruption
Owe foreign banks large loans and interest payments.
Healthcare and education suffer
Corrupt leaders take money for personal wealth
Bilateral Aid
Ais given from one government to another
Multilateral aid
Countries/Governments give money to World Institutions e.g UN
Tied aid
Wealthy countries give aid to countrie in need with strings attached
Positive of Aid
Vital in times of natural disasters
Healthcare and education improve
Relationships and links can be forged
NGOs help upskill local people to help themselves
Negative of Aid
Countries become dependent on aid
Corruption aid can be stolen
Tied aid - richer people benefit more
More spending on arms and weapons
Factors Affecting Economic Development:Sudan
Climate: North Sudan is part of Sahara Desert - little rain + plant
South Sudan part of Sahel - little rain
High density near River Nile
Rapid Population Growth: High birth rate
46% of women are literate
Most women have at least 4 kids
War: Arab Muslims (North) Vs. Black Christians (South)
Civil war between them in 1983-2002
Farming, health and education services were disrupted
Expenditure on Arms: 1993 Government spent 9 times more on the army than it did in healthcare
South East Ireland
Population: High population density
High immigration
3 million people
70% of population
Landscape relief: Mainly lowland
Mild climate
Fertile soil
Infrastructure: Well developed network
Airports Dublin, Shannon, Cork
Economic Activity: 95% in service industry
High income
High standard of living
Variety of services
Attractive for industries
Border Midland West
Population: Low population density
High emigration
30% of population
Landscape and relief: Mountainous region
Blanket bogland
Heavily leached soils
Infrastructure: Poor road network
One major airport - Knock
One motorway from Galway to Dublin
Economic Activity: 25% subsistence agriculture
Unproductive farms
Part-time farmers
Lack of services
Unattractive for industry
Solution to Economic Inequality
Aid
Fair Trade
Clear debt
