Rickettsiales: Anaplasma, Rickettsia, and Erlichia Flashcards
What disease does A. marginale cause? Which species does it affect?
Bovine anaplasmosis - cows (duh)
How is A. marginale transmitted?
Boophilus microplus – hard tick
[also dermacentor, ixodes and rhipicephalus]
True/False. Bovine anaplasmosis is a reportable disease.
True
What cells do A. marginale infect?
Erythrocytes
Immune response to A. marginale can be shared with which other Anaplasma?
A. centrale
What does A. phagocytophilum cause?
Tick-borne fever primarily in ruminants
[dogs and humans in north america]
Who are the reservoir hosts of A. phagocytophilum?
Rodents and deer – also transmit it through ticks
What cells does A. phagocytophilum infect?
Neutrophils mostly
[also eosinophils]
What is the major clinical sign you will find with infection of A. phagocytophilum?
Leukopenia
Which species of Anaplasma causes infectious canine cyclic thrombocytopenia?
A. platys
Which ticks transmit A. platys?
Rhipicephalus and Dermacentor ticks
How are you going to diagnose these Anaplasm infections?
Blood smears!
Giemsa stain!!!!!
Which cells do Rickettsiae infect?
Enter endothelial cells by endocytosis
What disease does R. rickettsii cause?
Rocky mountain spotted fever
What disease does R. felis cause?
Typhus group
What does Coxiella burnetii cause?
Q fever
Who is the reservoir host for R. rickettsii?
Dogs (and people in endemic areas)
Which ticks naturally carry R. rickettsii?
Dermacentor andersoni (wood tick)
Dermacentor variabilis (american dog tick)
What would you add to your media to culture R. rickettsia?
Glutamate
True/False. Coxiella burnetii survives in the environment.
True
True/False. Coxiella burnetii has been use as an bio-weapon.
TRUE!
Reportable - disseminated by airborne route
Human cases of Q-fever can be traced to which animals?
Sheep, cattle and goats
Where does Coxiella burnetii persist in the animal?
Particularly in lactating mammary gland and pregnant uterus
What vaccine can you use against Coxiella burnetii in small ruminants?
Coxevac
Phase 2 antibodies of Coxiella burnetii is indicative of what kind of infection?
An acute infection
[Phase 1 indicative for chronic infection]
What are the clinical signs of Ehrliciosis?
Thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and anemia
True/False. Tissue stains with giesma and other special stains differentiates Coxiella and Chlamydia psittaci.
FALSE! It does not differentiate these two!
Which tick transmits Erlichia canis?
Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick)
Who is most susceptible to ehrlichiosis?
Puppies and particular breeds
Which tick is a vector for E. chaffeensis?
Dermancentor variabilis (american dog ticks)
Which tick is a vector for E. ewingii?
Amblyoma americanum (lone star tick)
True/False. Is E. ruminantium is reportable.
True
What does E. ruminantium cause?
African heartwater
Where does E. ruminantium multiply?
Cells lining the sinusoids of lymphnodes
What kind of disease is African heartwater?
Neurologic disease
