Rickettsia, Erlichia, Anaplasma, Neorickettsia Flashcards
Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and Neorickettsia are all what Type of pathogen
Obligate intracellular pathogens
Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and Neorickettsia are distinguished apart how
Cell trophism- preference for certain cell type
Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and Neorickettsia Do not grow in what
Cell media
Rickettsia rickettsii causes what
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Rickettsia rickettsii vector
Tick
Rickettsia rickettsii affects what
Dogs and humans
Rickettsia rickettsii infects what cells and causes what
Endothelial cells of arteries and has phospholipase to damage endothelial cells and causes vasculitis
Rickettsia rickettsii clinical signs
Rash with small hemorrhages, and renal disease and neurological signs because of encephalitis and spinal cord disease
Rickettsia rickettsii diagnosis
Serological tests
Rickettsia rickettsii treatment and prevention
Antibiotics, tick control, no vaccine
Ehrlichia canis causes what
Monocytotropic ehrlichiosis
Ehrlichia canis are found where
Dog monocytes and replicative form is morulae which is a cluster of organisms in the monocyte
Ehrlichia canis Transmission
Ticks and wildlife (foxes, coyote) is a reservoir
Ehrlichia canis Clinical signs
Pancytopenia- low WBC, low RBC, low platelets and lymphadenopathy, edema, weigh loss, fever, hemorrhages, meningitis
Ehrlichia canis Diagnosis
Snap test and clinical signs
Snap test can be positive but be totally normal
Ehrlichia canis Treatment and prevention
Antibiotics, tick control, no vaccine
Ehrlichia ruminantium infects what
Endothelial cells
Ehrlichia ruminantium causes what disease
Heartwater
Ehrlichia ruminantium Transmission
Ticks
Ehrlichia ruminantium In US?
No but we have the ticks and it is in Caribbean
Ehrlichia ruminantium clinical signs
Vasculitis caused by endothelial cell infection, causes fluid around pericardium and other edema, can also cause neurological signs Because of brain edema, causes high fever, coughing, weak, respiratory distress, *sudden death in ruminants
Ehrlichia ruminantium Diagnosis
Usually after death diagnosis, look for morulae
Ehrlichia ruminantium Reportable
Yes
Ehrlichia ruminantium Prevention
Tick control
Anaplasma phagocytophilum transmission
Infected Ixdoes tick vectors
Anaplasma phagocytophilum Diseases
Equine Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis and Canine Granulocytotrophic Anaplasmosis
Anaplasma phagocytophilum Clinical signs of disease
Fever, lethargy, mild petechial hemorrhages and pancytopenia in dogs and horses
Anaplasma phagocytophilum Diagnosis
Clinical signs and snap test or PCR or looking for morale inside neutrophils
Anaplasma phagocytophilum Treatment
Antibiotics, tick control, no vaccine
Anaplasma marginale causes what in what
Anaplasmosis (anemia) in cattle
Anaplasma marginale Infects what
RBCs
Anaplasma marginale Transmission
Tick or fly bite or infected blood contaminating a fomite
Anaplasma marginale Clinical signs
Fever, lethargy, drop in milk production, pale membranes- ** affect older animals worse, increasing severity of disease with age
Anaplasma marginale treatment and prevention
Antibiotics and maybe blood transfusion and in some areas they intentionally expose calves because disease less severe
Vaccine available in some places
Neorickettsia risticii causes
Potomac horse fever
Neorickettsia risticii Transmission
Organisms in flukes that parasitize snails and when water warms the flukes generate immature forms (cercaria) carrying Neorickettsia risticii which pass into the water from the snail
Or mayflies can pick up cercaria and contaminate water on close by farms
Neorickettsia risticii Disease symptoms
Seasonal- spring and summer
Diarrhea, fever, edema, laminitis, mild colic, and occasionally abortion in mares
Neorickettsia risticii Diagnosis
PCR of blood or feces, serology (ELISA)
Neorickettsia risticii Treatment and control
Antibiotics, fluids, vaccine available but immunity short-lived
