Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bacteriology > Leptospira, Brachyspira, Borrelia > Flashcards

Leptospira, Brachyspira, Borrelia Flashcards

1
Q

What are the spirochetes

A

Leptospira, brachyspira, borellia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Leprospira gram stain and size

A

Not well at staining but gram-negative and very long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Leprospira replication/where it lives

A

No replication outside host but can live in water or urine soaked soil for days to months
Rats spread it in urine a lot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Leprospira Pathogenic features

A

Hemolysin which damages host membranes which causes intravascular hemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Leprospira Transmission

A

Rodents shedding (frequently asymptomatic) and incidental hosts are infected by direct contact with urine or venereal or placental transfer or contaminated water/food/soil- organisms can penetrate mucous membranes through mouth, eye, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Leprospira Pathogenesis

A

Penetration of mucous membranes–> systemic spread—> replication–> vascular damage and thrombocytopenia–> death OR bacteria proliferated and localizes in kidneys and spleen causing renal failure and liver disease OR renal colonization and becoming a carrier state called leptospiruria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Leprospirosis Disease

A

Early stages- fever, depressed, anorexic, vomiting, diarrhea then hemolytic anemia
Can cause kidney disease and liver disease, icterus, abortion, anemia, death
Also discovered pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome in lungs
or dog may recover but still infected
Infected dogs shed organisms in urine for months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Diagnosis of Leptospirosis

A

Serology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Leprospirosis treatment

A

Antibiotics-long term, supportive care, many different vaccines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bovine Leptospirosus organism

A

Leptospira borgperersenii hardjo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

L. hardjo causes what disease symptoms

A

Infertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Bovine leptospirosis diagnosis

A

Serology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bovine leptospirosis vaccine

A

Yes but doesn’t last more than 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Leptospirosis symptoms in other animals

A

Abortion in swine, sheep, goats, and horses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Leptospirosis infection in humans

A

It is zoonotic and see hemolytic anemia, liver and kidney disease
Outcome best if treatment initiated early

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae causes what disease in what

A

Dysentery in swine- bloody diarrhea

17
Q

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Pathogenic features

A

Produces enzyme (beta-hemolysin) that is cytotoxic to intestinal cells of epithelium

18
Q

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Transmission

A

Carrier pigs, fecal oral transmission

19
Q

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Diagnosis

A

Demonstration of organism in feces- PCR

20
Q

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Treatment

A

Antibiotics in water to all infected pigs

21
Q

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Control

A

Eliminate herd, clean well, and repopulate from free herd

22
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi causes what

A

Lyme disease

23
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi requires what for survival

A

Requires host or tick vector for survival, can’t live in environment

24
Q

New Borrelia species

A

B. mayonii

25
Q

Borrelia Pathogenic features

A

Several outer surface proteins that are crucial for attachment to tissues in hosts- OspA protein (attachment to tick gut) and other osps for attachment to mammalian hosts
Antigenic variation- change outer surface protein to remain undetected in host

26
Q

Borrelia transmission

A

Lots of reservoir hosts- wildlife that ticks feed on

Deer ticks transmit- must be attached for 36-48 hours for transmission to occur

27
Q

Lyme disease in humans symptoms- acute

A

Acute- flu-like symptoms- fever, headache, malaise and erythema migrans- a bull’s eye lesion at site of bite

28
Q

Lyme disease in humans symptoms- chronic

A

Arthritis and joint swelling, cardiac disease, and neurological manifestations (seizures)

29
Q

Diagnosing Lyme disease in humans

A

Clinical signs and serology (blood test showing antibody)

30
Q

Lyme disease in dogs how many are asymptomatic

A

95% of exposed

31
Q

Lyme disease in dogs- primary manifestation

A

Arthritis- joints swollen, hot, painful, shifting leg lameness
Also like humans may see cardiac disease (arrhythmias), neurological signs (aggression, seizures)

32
Q

Do dogs get EM (erythema migrans) from Lyme disease

A

Rare

33
Q

Diagnosis of Lyme disease in dogs

A

Clinical signs, serology, SNAP 3Dx Test and response to treatment of antibiotics

34
Q

What about using the SNAP test for vaccinated animals

A

It can differentiate

35
Q

Treatment of animals with Lyme disease

A

Use long term (>30 days) antibiotic therapy

36
Q

Prevention of Lyme disease

A

Remove tick, tick control, vaccinate

37
Q

Lyme disease in horses and cattle clinical signs

A

Most don’t show any signs but may be lame, joint pain, fever

38
Q

What causes severe leptospirosis in cattle and what are the symptoms

A

non-host adapted strains, causes abortion, infection localizes in kidney, genital tract, and mammary gland

Bacteriology (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions