Moraxella and others

Question 1

Moraxella is most common in what animal

Answer 1

Cattle

Question 2

Moraxella Causes what diseases and what symptoms

Answer 2

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) (pink eye) Inflammation of conjunctiva of cattle, ulceration, sensitivity to light (photophobia), tearing, irritation

Question 3

Moraxella bovis’s pathogenic features

Answer 3

Pilus for adhesion of eye and nasal passages

Cytotoxin- virulent strains only have this- damages epithelium’s- RTX family of toxin

Question 4

Moraxella bovis Transmission

Answer 4

Normal flora for cattle on conjunctiva and mucosa but virulent strains cause disease
Flies can spread

Question 5

Moraxella bovis Disease common in what

Answer 5

Young, beef cattle in summer months and risk factors being sunburn, lacking eyelid pigment, lots of flies, or plant awns

Question 6

Moraxella bovis Prevention

Answer 6

Control fly population and insecticide ear tags, or topical insecticides on strips where they walk a lot- rubs insecticide on them
Also clip pastures to minimize plant arms and stems
Prevention is key!!
There are vaccines too

Question 7

Francisella disease is what

Answer 7

Tularemia

Question 8

Francisella tularennsis is what type of pathogen

Answer 8

Facultative intracellular pathogen of macrophages and kills macrophages!

Question 9

Francisella tularensis Transmission

Answer 9

Ticks transmit and is often present in rabbits!!!- most common to be spread by tick bites
Also ingestion- raw milk!
Also inhaled (water droplets)
Bite of an infected animal

Question 10

Francisella tularennsis Zoonotic?

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

Tularemia symptoms

Answer 11

Often in rabbits (wildlife)- weakness, fever, enlarged lymph nodes and abscesses in spleen and liver
But same presentation across species

Question 12

Tularemia is in what food animal

Answer 12

Sheep

Question 13

Tularemia in cats is from what

Answer 13

Killing infected animals like rabbits

Question 14

Francisella tularennsis Diagnosis

Answer 14

Serology most common

Question 15

Tularemia reportable?

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

Tularemia treatment And prevention

Answer 16

Antibiotics and tick control

Question 17

Tularemia in humans

Answer 17

Highly infectious to people, Enlarged lymph nodes, infected wounds,
Ulceroglandular form most common- ulcer at site of exposure
Pulmonary or respiratory form from inhalation causes pneumonia

Question 18

Tularemia select agent?

Answer 18

Yes- has large public health concern

Highly contagious, lots of ways transmission- especially areosol

Question 19

Tularemia prevention in humans

Answer 19

Education! Gloves and cooking well especially for hunters

There is a vaccine but not too common usually just for researchers

Question 20

Taylorella disease

Answer 20

Contagious equine metritis (CEM)

Question 21

Taylorella pathogenic features

Answer 21

Not well known

Question 22

Taylorella equigenitalis carriers

Answer 22

Asymptomatic mares and stallions are carriers

Question 23

Taylorella equigenitalis/ CEM symptoms

Answer 23

Infectious of uterus (metritis) Resulting in discharge which stops mare from conceiving- temporary infertility

Question 24

Taylorella equigenitalis Transmission

Answer 24

Venereal or fomites

Question 25

Taylorella equigenitalis Treatment

Answer 25

Usually self-limiting and heals up but can use antibiotics And wash genitals
Concern is carriers
No vaccine

Question 26

Taylorella equigenitalis Diagnosis

Answer 26

Culture or serology by federally approved labs

Question 27

Taylorella equigenitalis Reportable?

Answer 27

Yes