Moraxella and others Flashcards
Moraxella is most common in what animal
Cattle
Moraxella Causes what diseases and what symptoms
Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) (pink eye) Inflammation of conjunctiva of cattle, ulceration, sensitivity to light (photophobia), tearing, irritation
Moraxella bovis’s pathogenic features
Pilus for adhesion of eye and nasal passages
Cytotoxin- virulent strains only have this- damages epithelium’s- RTX family of toxin
Moraxella bovis Transmission
Normal flora for cattle on conjunctiva and mucosa but virulent strains cause disease
Flies can spread
Moraxella bovis Disease common in what
Young, beef cattle in summer months and risk factors being sunburn, lacking eyelid pigment, lots of flies, or plant awns
Moraxella bovis Prevention
Control fly population and insecticide ear tags, or topical insecticides on strips where they walk a lot- rubs insecticide on them
Also clip pastures to minimize plant arms and stems
Prevention is key!!
There are vaccines too
Francisella disease is what
Tularemia
Francisella tularennsis is what type of pathogen
Facultative intracellular pathogen of macrophages and kills macrophages!
Francisella tularensis Transmission
Ticks transmit and is often present in rabbits!!!- most common to be spread by tick bites
Also ingestion- raw milk!
Also inhaled (water droplets)
Bite of an infected animal
Francisella tularennsis Zoonotic?
Yes
Tularemia symptoms
Often in rabbits (wildlife)- weakness, fever, enlarged lymph nodes and abscesses in spleen and liver
But same presentation across species
Tularemia is in what food animal
Sheep
Tularemia in cats is from what
Killing infected animals like rabbits
Francisella tularennsis Diagnosis
Serology most common
Tularemia reportable?
Yes
Tularemia treatment And prevention
Antibiotics and tick control
Tularemia in humans
Highly infectious to people, Enlarged lymph nodes, infected wounds,
Ulceroglandular form most common- ulcer at site of exposure
Pulmonary or respiratory form from inhalation causes pneumonia
Tularemia select agent?
Yes- has large public health concern
Highly contagious, lots of ways transmission- especially areosol
Tularemia prevention in humans
Education! Gloves and cooking well especially for hunters
There is a vaccine but not too common usually just for researchers
Taylorella disease
Contagious equine metritis (CEM)
Taylorella pathogenic features
Not well known
Taylorella equigenitalis carriers
Asymptomatic mares and stallions are carriers
Taylorella equigenitalis/ CEM symptoms
Infectious of uterus (metritis) Resulting in discharge which stops mare from conceiving- temporary infertility
Taylorella equigenitalis Transmission
Venereal or fomites
Taylorella equigenitalis Treatment
Usually self-limiting and heals up but can use antibiotics And wash genitals
Concern is carriers
No vaccine
Taylorella equigenitalis Diagnosis
Culture or serology by federally approved labs
Taylorella equigenitalis Reportable?
Yes
