Haemophilus, Histophilus, Bordetella Flashcards
Haemophilus parasuis pathogenic feature
Polysaccharide capsule- interfere with phagocytosis and protects
How is Haemophilus parasuis spread
**Normal flora of upper respiratory tract of pigs and after viral infection and endogenous spread to lower respiratory tract
Usually stress induced
Can also go septicemic
Disease associated with Haemophilus parasuis
Pneumonia and then septicemia possible (Glasser’s Disease- excessive fibrin deposition in serous membranes and joints)
Coughing, joint swelling, poor growth, sudden death after convulsions
Could have co-infection with Pasteurella or Mycoplasma species
How to Diagnose Haemophilus parasuis
Culture/PCR of infected sites
Treatment/Prevention of Haemophilus parasuis
Antibiotics or vaccine and vaccinate against viral diseases too
Where is Histophilus somni found
Normal flora in upper respiratory and urogenital tracts of ruminants
Histophilus somni Disease is
Shipping Fever
Histophilus somni Pathogenic feature
Antigenic variation- changes carbohydrate makeup of outer cell envelope to evade immune system
Binds to endothelial cells and induces death
Histophilus somni Transmission
Endogenous spread from upper respiratory or distal urogenital tracts to deeper tissues
Usually stress induced
Histophilus somni Disease symptoms
Pneumonia, Septicemia, Thrombotic meningoencephalitis, abortion
Histophilus somni Diagnosis
Culture/PCR
Histophilus somni Treatment
Antibiotic therapy
Histophilus somni Prevention
Commercial vaccine available and viral vaccination important as well
What infects the ciliated respiratory epithelium
Bordetella spp.
Where are Bordetella spp. found
In nano-pharynx of healthy carrier animals
How is Bordetella spp. spread
Inhalation from diseased or carrier animal or B. avium transmitted indirectly to poultry by exposure to contaminated litter and water
Bordetella spp. pathogenic features
Dermonecrotic toxin- resorption of nasal turbinate bones and Tracheal cytotoxin which releases fragment of peptidoglycan which is very inflammatory and causes cytokine release to damage ciliated epithelial cells
What disease does Bordetella bronchiseptica cause in dogs
Infectious Tracheobronchitis or Kennel Cough causing coughing and gagging and is often associated with viral respiratory diseases
Bordetella bronchiseptica is common in
Young dogs
Bordetella bronchiseptica has high and low what
High morbidity and low mortality- very contagious but doesn’t often kill or even need treatment
Bordetella bronchiseptica Disease in cats
Milder than in dogs- sneezing, fever, nasal discharge, some coughing
Bordetella bronchiseptica transmission in pigs
From carrier sow to piglet
Bordetella bronchiseptica combines with what in pigs to cause what
Bordetella bronchiseptica Often has combined infection with Pasturella multocida to cause Progressive Atrophic Rhinitis- dermonecrotic toxin from Bordetella bronchiseptica and toxin from Pasturella causes resorption of nasal turbinate bones resulting in a facial deformity and making them predisposed to pneumonia
Bordetella bronchiseptica Vaccine?
Yes for Dogs, Cats, & Swine
Bordetella avium causes what
Turkey Coryza/ Bordetellosis= tracheobronchitis, sinusitis, and airsacculitis in young poultry and causes sneezing, coughing, open mouth breathing, impaired growth
High morbidity and low mortality
Bordetella avium has vaccine?
Yes
