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AB 4th Year Rheum + Ortho > Rheumatology - Vasculitis > Flashcards

Rheumatology - Vasculitis Flashcards

1
Q

what are the medium vessel vasculitis?

A

kawasaki

polyarteritis nodosum

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2
Q

what are the large vessel vasculitis?

A

GCA

takayasu

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3
Q

what are the small vessel ANCA +ve vasculitis?

A

GPA (wegner’s)
MPA
eGPA (churg strauss)

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4
Q

what are the small vessel ANCA -ve vasculitis?

A

henoch schonlein
goodpasture’s
behcet’s
cryoglobulinaemia

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5
Q

what is GPA?

A

small vessel ANCA +ve vasculitis

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6
Q

what is the pathology in GPA?

A

granulomatous inflam in resp tract and small vessels

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7
Q

what is the triad of features in GPA?

A

upper RT
lower RT
glomerulonephritis

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8
Q

features of GPA?

A 
sinusitis
nasal crusting 
saddle shaped node
haemoptysis
fever
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9
Q

what type of glomerulonephritis do vasculitis get? features, Ix and management?

A

rapidly progressive

NEPHRITIC

fever, wt loss, haemoptysis

biopsy and urinalysis

steroids, cyclophosphamide and plasma exchange

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10
Q

Ix in GPA?

A

CXR
urinalysis
ESR, PV, CRP, FBC, U+Es
ANCA/cANCA

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11
Q

Tx for GPA?

A

steroids (can use topical for nasal disease)

cyclophosphamide

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12
Q

what is eGPA?

A

small vessel ANCA +ve vasculitis

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13
Q

what is the triad of pathology behind eGPA?

A

eosinophilia
granulomas
vasculitis

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14
Q

features of eGPA?

A

late onset asthma
rhinitis
purpura
mononeuritis multiplex

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15
Q

what is mononeuritis multiplex?

A

painful assymetrical peripheral neurpathy

affects 2 seperate nerve areas

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16
Q

Ix for eGPA?

A 
ANCA
pANCA
ESR, PV, CRP, FBC, U+E
urinalysis
CXR
eosinophils
echo
biopsy affected area
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17
Q

Tx for eGPA?

A

steroids

cyclophosphamide

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18
Q

what is microscopic polyangitis?

A

small vessel ANCA +ve vasculitis

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19
Q

what is nephritic syndrome a triad of?

A

AKI (oliguria)
HT/oedema
urinary sediment

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20
Q

features of microscopic polyangitis?

A

nephritic syndrome (GN)
haemoptysis
purpura

21
Q

Ix for microscopic polyangitis?

A 
ANCA
pANCA
ESR, PV, CRP, FBC, U+Es
urinalysis
CXR
22
Q

Tx for microscopic polyangitis?

A

steroids

cyclophosphamide

23
Q

what is henoch schonlein purpura?

A

small vessel ANCA -ve vasculitis

IgA mediated disorder with immune complex deposition

24
Q

who gets henoch schonlein purpura?

A

2-11yrs

Hx of URTI weeks ago

25
Q

features of henoch schonlein purpura?

A

purpuric rash on lower limbs
joint pain
nephritic syndrome

26
Q

what GN do those with henoch schonlein purpura get? treatment?

A

IgA
ACE for BP control
self limiting

27
Q

Ix for henoch schonlein purpura?

A

urinalysis
U+Es
renal biopsy

28
Q

what is polyarteritis nodosa?

A

medium vessel vasculitis

affects arteries at bifurcations -> aneurysms form

29
Q

risk factors for polyarteritis nodosa?

A

male
hep B
40-60yrs

30
Q

features of polyarteritis nodosa?

A

wt loss
athralgia
high BP
livedo reticularis

31
Q

what is kawasaki disease?

A

medium vessel vasculitis

32
Q

features of kawasaki disease?

A 
fever >5days
dry mouth/lips
strawberry tongue
maculopapular rash 
abdo pain
33
Q

Ix for kawasaki disease? results?

A

FBC (raised WCC, platelets, anaemic)
deranged LFTs
raised PV/CRP/ESR
echo

34
Q

Tx for kawasaki disease?

A

steroids
Igs
NSAIDs

35
Q

what are those with kawasaki disease at risk of?

A

coronary aneurysms

36
Q

what is takayasu arteritis? pathology?

A

large vessel vasculitis

granulomas in large vessels (aorta and branches)

37
Q

features of takayasu arteritis?

A

fever
wt loss
fatigue
upper/lower limb claudication

38
Q

what is found on examination in takayasu arteritis?

A

weak upper limb pulses
increased BP
unequal BP on either side
murmurs

39
Q

Ix for takayasu arteritis?

A

PV, ESR, CRP
PET CT
MR angio

40
Q

what is goodpasture’s? pathology?

A

ANCA -ve small vessel vasculitis

anti GBM abs produced against Type IV collagen in he GBM

41
Q

in goodpasture’s, do they get nephritic/nephrotic syndrome?

A

nephritic

42
Q

features of goodpasture’s?

A 
haemoptysis
haematuria
oedema
HT
fever
43
Q

Ix for goodpasture’s?

A 
urinalysis
U+Es, creatinine
renal biopsy
CXR
anti GBM antibodies
44
Q

Tx for goodpasture’s?

A

steroids
plasmaphoresis
cyclophosphamide

45
Q

what is behcet’s syndrome?

A

ANCA -ve small vessel vasculitis

46
Q

features of behcet’s syndrome?

A

oral and genital ulcers
skin involvement
arthritis
short duration of symptoms

47
Q

what are cryoglobulins?

A

Igs that precipitate at low temperatures

48
Q

features of cryoglobulinaemia?

A

rash
GN (nephrotic - membranoproliferative)
old people

49
Q

what conditions can cause cryoglobulinaemia?

A

myeloma
Hep C
autoimmune conditions
CLL

AB 4th Year Rheum + Ortho (17 decks)

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