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AB 4th Year Rheum + Ortho > Ortho - Trauma > Flashcards

Ortho - Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 5 types of fracture?

A 
segmental
oblique
communited
spiral
transverse
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2
Q

what type of fractures are commonly managed by screws?

A

oblique

spiral

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3
Q

what are the sections of bone?

A

diaphysis (shaft)
metaphysis
epiphysis (below physis)

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4
Q

what occurs in compartment syndrome?

A

pressure rises in the fascial compartment due to inflam
blood cannot arrive/leave
ischaemia occurs

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5
Q

features of compartment syndrome?

A 
pain out of context
swollen
tender
parasthesia
loss of pulses
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6
Q

Tx for compartment syndrome?

A

fasciotomy

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7
Q

what pelvic # do elderly often get? Tx?

A

pubic rami #

conservative

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8
Q

what vertebral # do elderly often get? Tx?

A

crush #

conservative (pain)

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9
Q

what features should be checked in a C spine injury?

A 
LOC
GC
neuro symptoms
tender
pain on neck movement
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10
Q

Tx for C spine injury?

A

collar
XRAY AP + mouth open
immobilise
surgery

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11
Q

why, for C spine, is mouth open XRAY done?

A

to check odontoid peg

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12
Q

Tx for femoral # in kids and adults?

A

kids - thomas splint

adults - closed reduction with IM nail

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13
Q

what types of tibial # can occur?

A

tibial plateau
shaft
distal

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14
Q

Tx for the 3 types of tibial #?

A

tibial plateau - ORIF
shaft - closed reduction/IM nail
distal - ORIF

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15
Q

when do fibula # need an XRAY?

A

bony tenderness in distal part

cant weight bear 4 steps

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16
Q

Tx for fibula #?

A

stable - cast

unstable - ORIF

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17
Q

what nerve can be damaged in fibula #? what does this cause?

A

peroneal nerve

foot drop

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18
Q

what are the criteria for getting an ankle XRAY?

A

ANY OF
tender at lateral malleolus
tender at medial malleolus
inability to weight bear

19
Q

what are the criteria for getting a foot XRAY?

A

ANY OF
tender in the lateral midfoot
tender at the medial navicular
inability to weight bear

20
Q

what nerve can be affected in humeral shaft fracture? what does this cause?

A

radial nerve

wrist drop and numb in anatomical snuffbox

21
Q

where else in the humerus is commonly #?

A

surgical neck

22
Q

what can cause humeral # at surgical neck?

A

FOOSH

osteoporosis

23
Q

what can be affected in humeral # at surgical neck?

A

loss of sensation in regimental badge patch (axillary)

anterior circumflex damage

24
Q

Tx for humeral # at surgical neck?

A

conservative if undisplaced

if displaced, CR/ORIF

25
Q

Tx for a humeral shaft #?

A

IM nail

26
Q

what is a nightstick #? management?

A

isolated ulnar #

conservative or ORIF

27
Q

what happens in a colles #?

A

extra articular # of the radius with dorsal displacement/angulation

28
Q

what happens in a smiths #?

A

volarly (palm/anterior) displaced EXTRA articular distal radius #

29
Q

what happens in a barton’s #?

A

intra articular # of distal radius

30
Q

what can be damaged in a colles #?

A 
median nerve (carpal tunnel)
dinner fork deformity
31
Q

Tx for a colles #?

A 
splint (undisplaced)
plaster cast (minimal)
ORIF (unstable/displaced)
32
Q

Tx for a smiths #?

A

ORIF

33
Q

Tx for a barton’s #?

A

ORIF

34
Q

how do smiths # commonly occur?

A

fall onto back of a flexed wrist

35
Q

how do colles # commonly occur?

A

FOOSH

36
Q

Tx for a phalangeal #?

A

strap/splint

manipulate if displaced

37
Q

Tx for a metacarpal #?

A

strap/splint

38
Q

how do scaphoid # commonly occur?

A

FOOSH

39
Q

features of a scaphoid #?

A

tender

anatomical snuffbox sore

40
Q

Ix for a scaphoid #

A

AP, lateral and 2 oblique views on XRAY

41
Q

Tx for scaphoid #? what are they at risk of?

A

splint and cast
screw fixation if displaced

AVN

42
Q

what can occur with a humeral shaft #?

A

radial nerve damage (wrist drop)

43
Q

Tx for an ankle #?

A

stable - cast/splints

unstable needs ORIF

AB 4th Year Rheum + Ortho (17 decks)

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