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cpnp- ac > Rheumatology and Immunology > Flashcards

Rheumatology and Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

What is an example of a tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor medication?

A

Infliximab

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2
Q

What are two defining qualities of juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

A

Persistence of arthritis for greater than 6 weeks and being less than 16 years of age

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3
Q

Just read

A

Tea lymphocytes bind with antigen triggering response which causes release of humoral mediators including cytokines and b cell production. Antibodies block binding of antigens to cellular receptors and neutralize microbes and microbial toxins

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4
Q

What kinds of primary immunodeficiencies require PJP prophylaxis?

A

Combined and phagocytic

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5
Q

What are four immunosorologies that can be present in lupus?

A

Positive double-stranded DNA antibodies, positive anti-smith antibodies, positive antiphospholipid antibodies, positive ANA

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6
Q

How does a humoral primary immunodeficiency present?

A

Sino pulmonary or GI infections, otitis media, cellulitis, meningitis or osteomyelitis

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7
Q

How many characteristics need to be present for a 100% sensitivity and specificity of childhood lupus?

A

For criteria

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8
Q

What makes up our adoptive or humoral immunity?

A

Lymphocytes which are our t cells, b cells and our NK cells

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9
Q

What organisms are most often responsible for infections related to primary humoral immunodeficiencies?

A

Encapsulated bacteria such as hemophilus influenza b, pneumococci, streptococci or parasites

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10
Q

What symptoms are associated with neonatal SLE?

A

Heart block, rash, thrombocytopenia, abnormal LFTs, coomb’s positive hemolytic anemia

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11
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria of Kawasaki disease?

A

Fever for 5 days as well as 4 to 5 of the following criteria: conjunctivitis, red lips and tongue, rash, cervical lymphadenopathy, swelling redness on palms of hands and or souls of feet

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12
Q

What organisms are most often responsible for the infections related to combined primary immunodeficiencies?

A

Fungal, viral, myobacterium

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13
Q

Is Kawasaki more common in males or females?

A

Nails

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14
Q

What is the primary treatment for acute Kawasaki disease?

A

I v i g 2 g per kg

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15
Q

What symptoms are required to qualify as anaphylaxis after a known exposure?

A

Two of the following: skin or mucosal tissue involvement, respiratory compromise, reduced BP, persistent GI symptoms

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16
Q

X-linked a gamma globulinemia common variable immunodeficiency, transient hypogamaglobulinemia of infancy are all what types of primary immunodeficiency?

A

Humoral

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17
Q

What are the seven subtypes of JIA?

A

Oligoarticular, polyarticular RF negative, polyarticular RF positive, systemic, entesitis related, related arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, undifferentiated

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18
Q

What is the time frame for HIV presentation?

A

Within 10 weeks of infection

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19
Q

What are the three phases and length of phases of Kawasaki disease?

A

Cute 14 days, subcute 2 to 4 weeks, convalescence months to years

20
Q

What kind of primary immunodeficiencies will likely need a bone marrow transplant?

A

Cellular and combined

21
Q

What immune organs need to be evaluated when looking at primary immunodeficiencies?

A

Tonsils, spleen, lymph nodes

22
Q

What are three localized growth abnormalities associated with JIA?

A

Accelerated growth at ossification center causing a longer affected limb. Premature epiphyseal fusion causing a short limb, temporomandibular joint causing micrognathia

23
Q

What cells make up our innate immunity?

A

Neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells

24
Q

What test screens for HIV and what test is diagnostic for HIV?

A

The ELISA screens, and the western blot assay diagnosis

25
Q

How do older children with HIV present?

A

Acute viral and syndrome, fever, fatigue, myalgias, arthrologist, lymphadenopathy, oral ulcers

26
Q

How do combined primary immune deficiencies present?

A

Fair to thrive, respiratory or gastrointestinal infections, candidal skin infections

27
Q

22Q 11.2 deletion is what type of primary immunodeficiency?

A

Cellular

28
Q

What is the most common age range for Kawasaki disease?

A

Less than 5 years of age

29
Q

What needs to be avoided in primary deficiencies?

A

Live virus vaccines

30
Q

What is the principal treatment for HIV?

A

Highly active antiviral therapy

31
Q

What lab findings are found in Kawasaki disease?

A

Elevated ESR, elevated CRP, elevated platelets, leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, anemia

32
Q

Is lupus more common in males or females?

A

Females

33
Q

What lab finding suggests an increased risk for uveitis?

A

Positive ANA

34
Q

How do phagocytic primary immunodeficiencies present?

A

Severe skin and visceral infections caused by bacteria or funguses

35
Q

What’s abnormality is found on an echo in a patient with Kawasaki disease?

A

Coronary artery dilation, stenosis, or aneurysms

36
Q

How do infants with HIV present?

A

Viral infections, growth retardation, skin rash, lymphadenopathy

37
Q

What is a chronic non-granulomatous inflammation of the anterior chamber of the eye?

A

Uveitis

38
Q

What type of immunodeficiency results from a genetic disorder that affects components of the innate and adaptive immune systems?

A

Primary immunodeficiencies

39
Q

What are some common presentations of lupus at diagnosis?

A

Fever lymphadenopathy weight loss ulcers arthritis

40
Q

What defines AIDS?

A

CD4 t cell count of less than 200

41
Q

How frequently do you monitor viral levels? When well

A

6 to 12 months

42
Q

What is the aspirin dosing for Kawasaki disease?

A

80 to 100 mg per kilogram per day weaned once a fever to 3 to 5 mg per kg per day

43
Q

What is a disease modifying anti-romatic drug?

A

Methotrexate

44
Q

What characteristic is present in 95% of patients with lupus?

A

A malar rash

45
Q

SCID, with Scott Eldridge syndrome are what kind of primary immunodeficiency?

A

Combined antibody and cellular

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