GI Flashcards
How does a bowel perforation present on an x-ray?
Air in the abdominal cavity but not in the stomach or intestines
What are the three characteristics of intussusception?
Culki abdominal pain, current jelly stools, sausage shaped mass in right upper quadrant
What GI disease involves inflammation of any segment of the GI tract from the mouth to the anus and occurs in patches, extending through the entire thickness of the bowel wall?
Crohn’s disease
What immunosuppressants are they used in the treatment of Crohn’s disease?
Biopurions, methotrexate
What antibiotics should be used in a patient with femoral neutropenia?
Cefepime
Four signs of appendicitis?
McBurney point tenderness, rebound tenderness, positive psoas sign(pain with hip extension), obturator sign (hip pain when right knee flexed)
How is Michael’s diverticulitis diagnosed?
Michael’s nuclear medicine scan
What can proceed about perforation in premature or NICU infants?
Necrotizing and enterocolitis
Differentiate between cholelethiasis and cholecystitis?
Gallstones versus information of the gallbladder
What are the three areas where acute malrotation or volvulus can occur?
Fore gut, midgut, hind gut
What is the gold standard study to diagnose hirschsprung disease? What does that study look for?
Rectal biopsy looking aganglionic colon
What is the gold standard test to diagnose cholecystitis?
ERCP
What acid base imbalance does pyloric stenosis cause?
Metabolic alkalosis due to loss of hydrogen and chloride ions during bonding
What disease commonly presents with delayed passage of meconium, periods of constipation followed by diarrhea explosive?
Hirschsprung disease
What is a highly concerning sign of acute mal rotation?
Billius emesis
What is a gold standard for diagnosing acute male rotation or volvulus?
CT
What condition presents with painless fractal bleeding?
Michael’s diverticulitis
What is the most frequent cause of intestinal obstruction in the first two years of life?
Into deception
How is pyloric stenosis diagnosed?
Ultrasound
What is the treatment if corticosteroids and other agents fail on the treatment of ulcerative colitis?
Colectomy
What electric disturbance is occur due to pyloric stenosis?
Hypochloritemia, hypokalemia
How is intussusception diagnosed?
Ultrasound
What is the gold standard in diagnosing Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis?
Endoscopy
What disorders defined by telescoping of the colon leading to swelling, hemorrhage, incarceration and eventual perforation and peritonitis?
Int intussusception
What is an inflammation of this cecum?
Typhlitis
What organisms are most often responsible for UTIs?
E coli, pseudomonas, enterococcus, klebsiella
What surgical procedure is used to correct a volvulus?
Ladd procedure
What GI disorder can present with fissures or tags?
Crohn’s disease
What GI disease presents with a continuous pattern of inflammation and ulceration, limited to the large intestine and its innermost lining?
Ulcerative colitis
What are the two classic characteristics of pyloric stenosis?
All of shaped mass in mid-epigastric area, positive gastric peristalsis waves
What is the hallmark symptom of a milk protein allergy?
Acute GI bleeding
