Rheumatic fever etc Flashcards
Bishop
What is Acute Rheumatic Fever
An acute non-suppurative complication of streptococcal infection
When does Acute Rheumatic fever occur
Few weeks after an episode of pharyngitis (sore throat) cause by Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus
Acute Rheumatic fever is the most common acquired cardiac disease in children and young adults; True or False
True
How long after having a Group A Strep throat infection does Acute rheumatic fever occur??
10 days to 6 weeks
What are the main manifestations for Acute Rheumatic Fever
Carditis- inflammation of the heart
Arthritis- redness and swelling (inflammation) of a joint.
What are the major manifestations of Acute rheumatic fever
Carditis
Polyarthritis
Sydenham’s Chorea- involves jerky, uncontrollable and purposeless movements of the hands, arms, shoulder, face, legs, and trunk.
Erythema Marginatum
Subcutaneous Nodules
Minor Manifestations of Acute Rheumatic Fever
Arthralgia- pain in joint
Fever
Elevated ESR or CRP
Prolong PR interval on ECG
What are the Jones criteria for diagnosis of ARF
- Evidence of a preceding group A streptococcus infection
- Either 2 major manifestations or 1 major and 2 minor
Which protein is the most important in the Causation of ARF
M protein- which is present on the surface of Grp A Strep
Define Pancarditis
Inflammation which affects all layers of the heart
ARF can be histologically identified by the presence of
Aschoff nodule which contains pathognomonic cell called the Anitschkow cell
Describe the Anitschkow cell
Modifies macrophages
Nuclei that have central caterpillar-shaped wavy chromatin
What are MacCallum Plaques
Irregular thickening on left atrial wall
Which valve is most commonly involved in ARF
Mitral valve
Can all left-sided valve disease cause pulmonary congestion and left heart failure?
Yes
