Rhabdovirus Flashcards
Rhabdoviruses are enveloped viruses
True
Rhabdoviruses are resistant viruses they can remain infective in the environment for several
weeks
False
Rhabdoviruses are generally good antigens
True
Rhabdoviruses can survive in the environment for several months
False
The resistance of Rhabdoviruses is good
False
Vesicular stomatitis virus has a narrow host range
False
Vesicular stomatitis is a frequent disease in Africa
False
Vesicular stomatitis is a widespread disease all over the world
False
Vesicular stomatitis virus can cause clinical signs in horses
True
Vesicular stomatitis is a zoonotic disease
True
Increased salivation is a clinical sign of vesicular stomatitis
True
The mortality of vesicular stomatitis is low
True
The mortality of vesicular stomatitis is very high
False
Vesicular stomatitis causes large number of vesicles in humans
False
Vesicular stomatitis virus is transmitted by blood sucking arthropods and direct contact
True
The clinical signs of foot and mouth disease and vesicular stomatitis cannot be differentiated
in horses
False
Vesicular stomatitis can be transmitted only by arthropods
False
Vesicular Stomatitis virus can be transmitted by arthropods
True
Vesicular stomatitis can occur in ruminants, horses, pigs, and humans
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus does not cause viraemia only local lesions
False
- Viraemia cannot be detected - but cause generalisation
Vesicular stomatitis virus is found all over the world
False
Vesicular stomatitis virus: horse is sensitive
False
True? Horses are susceptible
Vesicular stomatitis virus spreads with insects
True
After recovery of VSV there will be a permanent immunity
False
Vesicular stomatitis can be generalized
True
Vesicular stomatitis can cause vesicles on the foot
True
Only ruminants can have vesicular stomatitis
False
Vesicular stomatitis: animals can recover
True
Vesicular stomatitis occurs in America
True
The host range of vesicular stomatitis and foot and mouth disease is the same
False
Sand flies and midges can transmit vesicular stomatitis virus
True
In the case of vesicular stomatitis vesicles are formed only at the place of entry of the virus
False
Salivation is a clinical sign of vesicular stomatitis
True
Vesicular stomatitis cannot be prevented with vaccines
False
The vesicular stomatitis virus is uniform, there are no serotypes, variants etc
False
The resistance of the vesicular stomatitis virus is low
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus can be transmitted by direct contact or arthropods
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus can cause lesions on the teats
True
The host range of the vesicular stomatitis virus is wide
True
Vesicular stomatitis is endemic in America
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus infects only swine
False
Cattle are not susceptible to vesicular stomatitis virus
False
Vesicular stomatitis virus can infect humans
True
Lesions of vesicular stomatitis heal within a few weeks
True
There are no vaccines for the prevention of vesicular stomatitis
False
Insects are involved in the transmission of vesicular stomatitis virus
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus can spread by direct contact
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus can cause severe disease in humans
False
Ephemeral fever virus is transmitted by arthropods
True
Direct contact is the main way of transmission of ephemeral fever virus
False
Ephemeral fever is a frequent disease all over the world
False
Ephemeral fever is a zoonotic disease
False
Ephemeral fever virus is shed in large amount in the saliva
False
Ephemeral fever occurs only in America
False
The morbidity is high, the mortality is low in the case of ephemeral fever
True
Drop of milk production is a common sign of ephemeral fever
True
Ephemeral fever occurs in the tropical countries
True
Inhalation of the tracheal discharge is the main way of infection with ephemeral fever virus
False
The clinical signs of ephemeral fever are more severe in horses than cattle
False
Animals with ephemeral fever have fever for about 2-3 days
True
In the case of silent rabies rabid dogs cannot bark
False
There is a high level of cross protection between phylogroups of rabies viruses
False
Humans can be infected with European bat lyssaviruses in case of direct contact
True
Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies can be seen in the case of rabies
True
Only carnivorous animals are susceptible to rabies virus
False
Rabies virus is uniform without serotypes, genotypes etc
False
Aggressiveness is a frequent sign of rabies
True
Puppies have to be vaccinated against rabies at the age of 6 weeks
False
Humans can be infected with European bat lyssaviruses in case of direct contact
True
Rabies virus can infect humans; however, humans are not very susceptible
True
Bat lyssaviruses cannot infect humans
False
Bats infected with European bat lyssaviruses frequently attack animals
False
True? CS (but rare) for furious rabies: changed behavior, nagivation issues, attacks, paralysis
Rabies is a notifiable disease
True
Increased sex drive is a frequent sign of rabies
True
Sylvatic rabies is maintained by wild living animals
True
Foxes maintain sylvatic rabies in Europe
True
Racoon is one of the species that maintains sylvatic rabies in America
True
In order to prevent sylvatic rabies, foxes are vaccinated per os with live vaccine in bait
True
Changed behaviour and paralysis are clinical signs of rabies
True
The incubation time of rabies is generally 24-72 hours; however, exceptions can occur
False
The incubation time of rabies is generally 2-8 weeks; however, exceptions can occur
True
Rabies virus can only be transmitted with bite
False
The host range of rabies is very narrow, mainly dogs and foxes are susceptible
False
Only carnivorous animals are susceptible to rabies virus
False
Dogs have to be observed for 14 days if they have bitten humans
True
Herbivorous animals bitten by foxes can be emergency slaughtered
True
Rabies virus can be detected with immunofluorescence test
True
Rabies virus appears in the saliva 2-3 days after the onset of the clinical signs
False
Lethality of rabies in humans is high
True
The resistance of rabies virus is low; it cannot survive in the environment for a long time
True
Rabies can be diagnosed by detection of antibodies in paired sera
False
Antibodies against rabies detected with ELISA confirm the diagnosis of rabies
False
Rabies virus is spreading alone the nerves in the host
True
Urban rabies has been eradicated from the Earth
False
Urban rabies is maintained by dogs and cats
True
Rabies occurs only in tropical countries
False
Herbivores animals are generally dead end hosts of rabies
True
Rabies virus replicates in the lymphocytes
False
Postmortem examination of rabid animals is forbidden
False
Haemorrhages of the serous membranes are typical postmortem lesions of rabies
False
Rabies can be diagnosed only by using PCR
False
Post exposition vaccine against rabies can be given to ruminants bitten by foxes
True
Rabies virus does not penetrate the blood vessels
False
Rabies: one of the important symptoms is the change of behaviour
True
Rabies: one important symptom is paralysis
True
In rabies we find purulent encephalitis in negri-bodies
True
false? ppt does not mention purulent encephalitis?
With immunofluorescence test we can diagnose rabies
True
We can diagnose rabies by antibody detection test
True
Enig med false!
false? antibodies mostly used for vaccination control?
When an animal which is infected with rabies virus attacks another dog, it should be
vaccinated immediately
False
Rabies is a uniform virus
False
Rabies is a resistant virus
False
Warm blooded animals can be infected with rabies
True
Rabies can be transmitted only by saliva
False
Fox rabies: we can use live vaccines
True
Since 2002 rabies is eradicated from Hungary
False
Humans can be infected by Rabies bite
True
Humans can be infected by Rabies during organ transplants
True
Rabies virus is spreading in the infected animals peri-neural
True
Rabies virus is shed in the saliva, before appearance of the clinical signs
True
The incubation of rabies is generally less than one week
False
The rabies virus is a uniform virus without serotypes, genotypes, subtypes etc
False
Only carnivorous animals are susceptible to rabies virus
False
High amount of rabies virus is shed in the saliva
True
The causative agent of rabies is a uniform virus, without different types or groups
False
The resistance of the rabies virus is good, it retains infectivity for several months in the environment
False
All warm-blooded animals are susceptible to rabies virus
True
Rabies virus is shed in high titre in the saliva
True
Paralysis is a clinical sign of rabies
True
Foxes are vaccinated with attenuated bait vaccine
True
Cattle bitten by rabid animals may be vaccinated post exposition or slaughtered
True
Humans can be infected with rabies, only by being bitten by rabid animals
False
Rabies virus is spreading along the nerves to the central nervous system
True
Rabies virus is shed in the saliva only after the appearance of the clinical signs
False
Changed behaviour is a typical sign of rabies
True
Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical lesion of rabies
False
Immunofluorescence test is widely used diagnostic method in the case of rabies
True
Virus neutralization test is used to the laboratory diagnosis of rabies cases
False
Dogs have to be vaccinated for the prevention of rabies at the age of 3 months for the first
time
True
Increased salivation is a clinical sign of rabies
True
Always the furious form of rabies can be seen in dogs
False
Colic can be a sign of rabies in horses
True
Changed behaviour is a clinical sign of rabies of wild living animals
True
Only the classical rabies virus can cause clinical signs, the other genotypes not
False
The sylvatic form of rabies is maintained by different wild living animals
True
Rabies virus causes viraemia soon after infection
False
Saliva can contain rabies virus, before the appearance of clinical signs
True
Humans are not susceptible to European bat lyssaviruses
False
There is no haematogenic spreading of the rabies virus
False
true?
Increased sexual activity is seen in rabid cattle
True
Dogs have to be vaccinated against rabies in the first week of life
False
Cattle bitten by a rabid animal can be vaccinated after exposition
True
The rabid bats fly during the day
True
Immunofluorescence (IF) is reliable in the diagnosis of rabies
True
Only the classical rabies virus is present in Europe
False
Urban form of rabies is maintained by the fox in Europe
False
Rabies virus is highly resistant
False
Rabies virus cannot be cultured
False
Presence of antibodies to rabies virus confirms the diagnosis of rabies
False
Detection of Negri bodies is more sensitive than immunofluorescence test, in the case of
rabies
False
Virus isolation is the most widely used way of diagnosis of rabies
True
Inhalation of the virus is the main way of infection with rabies virus
False
Rabies virus is replicating in the lymphoid cells and causes viraemia before the appearance
of the clinical signs
False
The incubation time of rabies is variable, generally between 2 and 8 weeks
True
Immunofluorescence test can be used to the detection of rabies virus in the brain
True
Rabid animals have to be vaccinated immediately
False
In cats furious form of rabies is typical
True
In dogs both furious and silent form of rabies can occur
True
Rabies has been eradicated in Europe
False
Rabies spread through venereal
False
The high-titre of virus neutralizing antibodies confirms the diagnosis of rabies
False
Live vaccines are used for the vaccination of foxes against rabies
True
Rabies symptoms appear only after CNS signs
False
Rabies virus can only be found in the nervous system
False
