Paramyxovirus Flashcards by Deleted Deleted

Paramyxoviruses are bad immunogens

False

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Paramyxoviruses can survive just a few days in the environment

True

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Paramyxoviruses cannot cause strong cytopathogenic effect in cell cultures

False

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Paramyxoviruses are good immunogens

True

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Parainfluenza viruses generally cause infection in the respiratory tract

True

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Parainfluenza viruses are highly host specific

False

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There are no vaccines on the market against canine parainfluenza 2 virus

False

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Canine parainfluenza virus 2 frequently causes encephalitis in old dogs

False

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Feline morbillivirus infection may be associated with tubulo-interstitial nephritis in cats

True

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Parainfluenza virus 2 infection is frequent in the aetiology of kennel cough

False

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Rinderpest virus can infect pigs

True

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Rinderpest virus can infect cattle

True

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The morbidity of rinderpest can reach 100%

True

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Rinderpest virus replicated only in the lungs

False

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Rinderpest virus is resistant; it can survive in the environment for several weeks

False

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Rinderpest virus causes viraemia

True

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Extended interstitial pneumonia is a frequent post mortem lesion of rinderpest

False

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Vesicle formation on the mucous membranes is typical in the case of rinderpest

False

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Diarrhoea with blood is a typical sign of rinderpest

True

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Enteral clinical signs are not typical in Rinderpest

False

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Attenuated viruses are widely used for the prevention of Rinderpest in Africa

False

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The clinical signs of rinderpest and malignant catarrhal fever are similar

True

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Erosions in the oral and nasal cavity are clinical signs of rinderpest

True

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Rinderpest occurs in large number in Africa

False

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Earth is free from Rinderpest

True

Wild mammals are asymptomatic carriers of Rinderpest

False

It is mandatory to vaccinate cattle against Rinderpest

False

Nowadays Rinderpest virus is used as heterologous vaccine against the PPR virus

False

Rinderpest virus survives for years in nature

False

Only cattle are susceptible to Rinderpest infections

False

Rinderpest is carried by animals for a long time

False

Rinderpest commonly occurs in Africa and in Latin America

False

Rinderpest virus is carried by animals for several years

False

Cattle are infected with rinderpest virus mainly per os

True

Cattle are affected with rinderpest mainly per os

True

Rinderpest virus can survive in the environment for several months

False

Peste des pest ruminants virus is resistant, it can survive in the environment for several months

False

Attenuated vaccines can be used for the prevention of peste des petit ruminants

True

Peste des petits ruminants is a widespread disease in Europe

False

Generally direct contact is needed to the transmission of peste des petits ruminants virus

True

Peste des petits ruminants virus replicates in the epithelium of the mucous membranes

True

Peste des petit ruminants is a frequently diagnosed disease in America

False

Necrosis of the oral epithelium is a typical sign of peste des petits ruminants

True

Peste de petits ruminants is a zoonotic disease

False

Nasal discharge is a typical clinical sign of peste des petit ruminants

True

Erosive lesions in the oral cavity are frequent signs of Peste des petits ruminants

True

The Peste des petits ruminants are endemic in North- and South America

False

Peste des petites ruminants virus can cause haemorrhagic pneumonia

True

Peste des petites ruminants virus can cause haemorrhagic or necrotic enteritis

True

Over 50% of the animals may die during a Peste des petits ruminants outbreak

True

The world is free of Peste des petites ruminants

False

Canine distemper virus can produce a generalised infection

True

The pathogenesis of distemper is influenced by the immune response of the host

True

Distemper can be prevented only with the attenuated but not inactivated vaccines

False

Distemper is zoonosis

False

Distemper virus is shed in respiratory discharge and urine

True

Canine distemper has six serotypes

False

Neurological signs are not typical signs of canine distemper

False

Clinical signs of the nervous system generally do not appear always in the case of canine distemper

False

Canine distemper virus has one serotype with virulence variants

True

Salivation and chewing movements cannot be clinical signs of canine distemper

False

Distemper is a highly contagious disease of dogs and some other carnivores

True

Distemper can be prevented only with attenuated but not inactivated vaccines

False

Canine distemper virus causes immunosuppression

True

The dog is the only species which is susceptible to canine distemper virus

False

Three to six month old dogs are most susceptible to canine distemper virus

True

Enamel hypoplasia can be a sign of distemper

True

Hyperkeratosis of the nose and footpads are clinical signs of canine distemper

True

Ataxia and paralysis are the main clinical signs of distemper in cats

False

Distemper virus infects only dogs

False

Distemper can cause abortion

True

Dogs infected with Canine distemper virus usually become life-long carriers and shedders

False

Clinical manifestation of the Canine distemper is mainly seen in 3-4 months-old dogs

True

The outcome of Canine distemper virus infection is very much influenced by the immune response of the dog in utero

True

Distemper virus infects only species belonging to Canidae

False

Distemper virus spreads mainly by droplet infection

True

Distemper virus can cause fetopathy

True

Distemper virus can infect species belonging to the Felidae

True

Distemper virus spreads mainly by arthropod vectors

False

Distemper is a notifiable disease

False

The dominant clinical sign of Canine distemper is diarrhoea

False

Canine distemper virus only infects Canidae

False

Distemper occurs in lions and dolphins

True

Distemper can cause encephalitis in dogs

True

Surviving distemper does not result in protection

False

Distemper can predispose dogs to secondary bacterial infections

True

Vaccinations against distemper at half years of age

False

Distemper causes de-myelinization

True

Distemper through conjunctival smear can be diagnosed by immunofluorescence technique

True

Canine distemper virus often causes cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the urinary bladder epithelial cells

True

Hendra and Nipah viruses cause zoonotic disease

True

Hendra virus can infect mainly swine and human

False

Hendra virus can cause respiratory and neurological signs

True

Hendra virus can cause respiratory and neurological signs

True

Horse is susceptible to Hendra virus infection

True

Hendra virus can cause enteritis in the small intestine

False

Natural reservoir of Hendra virus is flying fox (bat)

True

Hendra-viruses can cause encephalitis in horses and in humans

True

Hendra virus is found only in Australia

True

Diseases caused by Nipah virus occur worldwide

False

Nipah virus can cause ataxia, spasms, and paralysis in pigs

True

Natural reservoir of Nipah virus is fruit bats

True

Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of the Nipah-viruses

False

Nipah virus is transmitted mainly by arthropod vectors

False

Bovine RS virus can cause severe pneumonia in 6 months to 2 years old calves

True

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus replicates in the alveolar epithelium

True

Worldwide occurrence is characteristic for Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection

True

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus causes viraemia

False

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus can predispose to secondary bacterial infections

True

Subcutaneous emphysema is a common clinical sign of the disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus

True

Disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus cannot be prevented with vaccination

False

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus is spreading fast within a herd

True

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus can cause life threatening disease in calves

True

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus causes low morbidity and high mortality

False

Bovine respiratory syntitial virus is caused by pneumovirus and we use inactivated vaccines for prevention

True

Bovine parainfluenza virus causes central nervous clinical signs in calves

False

Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus can result formation of hyalin membrane in the alveoli

True

Disease caused by bovine parainfluenza-3 virus is very rare

False

Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus can cause interstitial pneumonia in calves

True

Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus infection is usually endemic in cattle farms

True

Bovine parainffuenza-3 virus generally causes aerosol infection

True

Fever, coughing, nasal discharge are common clinical signs of bovine PI-3 infection

True

Disease caused by bovine parainfluenza 3 virus can be diagnosed using paired sera

True

Bovine parainfluenza virus 3 is frequently endemic in cattle farms

True

Parainfluenza 3 virus of cattle spreads mainly by arthropod vectors

False

Symptoms of parainfluenza 3 virus infection of cattle are similar to RS virus infection

True

Parainfluenza-3 virus of cattle can cause thromboembolic meningoencephalitis

False

Parainfluenza-3 virus infection of calves is frequently followed by secondary bacterial infection

True

Parainfluenza-3 viruses causes disease primarily in young calves

True

A common route of infection with parainfluenza-3 is through inhalation

True

Parainfluenza-3 virus can predispose cattle to pneumonia caused by bacteria

True

The main clinical sign of a parainfluenza-3 infection is diarrhoea

False

Parainfluenza-3 virus aids in secondary bacterial contaminations

True

Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) cause an acute form of the disease

True

Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) cause an acute septicemia

False

Live mesogenic strains of NDV are used for vaccinations in Europe

True

Day-old chicken can be vaccinated with apathogenic strains to prevent ND

True

Hen flocks are vaccinated with lentogenic/apathogenic strains to induce maternal immunity

True

Mesogenic strains of NDV are used for vaccination in some countries

True

Apathogenic trains of NDV are used for vaccination

False

Velogenic-viscerotropic NDV strains can cause disease with high mortality

True

ND is caused by virulent strains of the APMV-1 serogroup

True

Members of every APMV serogroup can cause Newcastle disease

False

It is possible to determine the virulence of AMPV-1 strains by sequencing

True

A usual 1st symptom of neurotropic-vNDV infection is diarrhea

False

An acute, nervous form of Newcastle disease can frequently be seen in ducks

False

An acute, nervous form of Newcastle disease can frequently be seen in dogs

False

Newcastle disease is caused by virulent strains of serogroup APMV-1

True

An intracerebral pathogenicity index higher than 0.7 is a criterion of ND

True

The sequence of Newcastle disease virus F0 splice is a significant factor in its virulence

True

Newcastle Disease ND viruses cause dwarfism in embryonated chicken eggs

False

There are no vaccines for the prevention of Newcastle disease

False

Only faeces of the infected birds contains Newcastle disease virus

False

Diarrhoea is a clinical sign of Newcastle disease

True

Virulence of Newcastle disease virus can be characterised with the chicken embryo survival index

True

Newcastle disease is caused by avian paramyxovirus 1

True

Newcastle disease virus can infect only chicken

False

Worldwide distribution is common for Newcastle disease virus

True

Inhalation is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus

True

Per os infection is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus

True

Eurasia is free from Newcastle disease

False

Humans are resistant against Newcastle disease virus

False

Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus cause severe fatal infection

False

Lentogenic NDV may cause disease in young turkey

True

Germinative infection is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus

False

Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus cause severe fatal infection

False

Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus can cause high morbidity and mortality in poultry flocks

False

Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus is more virulent than velogenic

False

Newcastle disease virus causes viraemia

True

Newcastle disease virus damages blood vessels

True

The clinical signs of Newcastle disease and avian influenza are similar

True

Virulence of Newcastle disease virus can be characterised with the intracerebral pathogenicity index

True

There are different virulence variants of Newcastle disease virus

True

Only inactivated vaccines may be used for the prevention of Newcastle disease

False

Velogenic Newcastle disease virus is more virulent than mesogenic

True

Tremor, spasms and torcicollis are clinical signs of Newcastle disease

True

Newcastle disease, splice site significant

True?

Index higher than 0,7 is a criterion of Newcastle disease

True

Vaccination against Newcastle disease is used all over world

True

The vaccine for NDV is a lentogenic strain

True

Lentogenic stain is used in vaccines for new castles disease

True

Newcastle disease virus velogen viscerotop and neurotrop causes neurological signs

True

Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of the Newcastle disease virus

True

The virulence of Newcastle disease strains can be determined by sequence analysis of certain genes

Newcastle disease virus cannot survive long in the environment

False

Newcastle disease virus is typically vectored by ticks

False

Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus always cause encephalitis

True

Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus can be used for vaccine production

True

Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus can cause high morbidity and mortality

False

Velogenic viscerotrop strains of Newcastle disease virus can be used for vaccine production

False

Avian paramyxoviruses (APMV) belong into 9 serogroups

True

Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus do not cause clinical signs

False

Wild boars may transmit Newcastle disease virus

False

Any member of the avian paramyxovirus serogroups may cause Newcastle disease

False

Avian paramyxovirus-1 usually causes central nervous disease in pigeons

True

Newcastle disease virus can be taken up by inhalation and per os

True

CNS clinical signs are frequently seen in chicken in the case of Newcastle disease

True

Newcastle disease could easily be differentiated from avian influenza

False

Using vaccines of velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus good protection can be reached

False

Drop of egg production is a clinical sign of avian metapneumovirus infection

True

Avian metapneumovirus infection occurs only in America

False

Avian metapneumovirus infection spreads very fast within the flock

True

Disease caused by avian metapneumovirus is more severe in turkeys than hens

True

In avian metapneumovirus infection the egg production drops/decreases

True

Swollen head syndrome (SHS) caused by avian metapneumonia virus

True

Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of avian metapneumoviruses

True

Avian metapneumoviruses can cause respiratory signs and egg production problems

True

Turkey rhinotracheitis virus causes disease in turkeys and chickens

True

Turkey rhinotracheitis is most frequent at 4-9 weeks of age

True