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mrcog part 1 > Revision notes: 3. Anatomy > Flashcards

Revision notes: 3. Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Structures at trans-pyloric plane of Addison (L1)

A

Pancreatic neck
duodenojejunal flexure
gall bladder fundus
9th costal cartilage
renal hilum

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2
Q

What level does aorta bifurcate

A

L4

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3
Q

Position of umbilicus

A

L3-L5

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4
Q

McBurney’s point

A

2/3rds of the way laterally between umbilicus and ASIS

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5
Q

Name for lateral border of rectus abdominis

A

Linea semilunaris

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6
Q

Palmer’s point

A

2/3rds laterally between umbilicus and point of intersection between costal margin of LEFT 9th rib and LEFT midclavicular line

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7
Q

Arcuate line aka semicircular line of douglas

A

1.3rd distance pubic crest to umbilicus
Posterior to rectus abdominis muscle

Clinical significance: site of weakness in the abdominal wall

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8
Q

The fusion of the abdominal wall muscle aponeuroses is called

A

Linea alba

xiphoid to pubic symphysis

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9
Q

Blood supply of anterior abdominal wall

A

Inferior epigastric vessels

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10
Q

Innervation of rectus abdominis

A

thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11)

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11
Q

Three arteries within spermatic cord

A

Testicular
Vas
Cremasteric

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12
Q

Three nerves in spermatic cord

A

Ilioinguinal
Cremasteric
Sympathetic

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13
Q

Ligamentum teres is remnant of?

A

umbilical vein

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14
Q

Boundaries of the pelvic outlet

A

pubic arch (ischiopubic rami)
2 * sciatic notch
coccyx

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15
Q

Sensory innervation to scrotum/labia

A

ilioinguinal nerve

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16
Q

branches of the pudendal nerve

A

inferior anal nerve
perineal nerve
dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris

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17
Q

Ligament that connects uterus to labia majora

A

round ligaments

stretch during pregnancy causing groin pain

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18
Q

Which artery exits the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen and re-enters via the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Internal Pudendal artery

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19
Q

contents of the broad ligament (5)

A

Fallopian tubes
Ovarian artery
Uterine artery
Ovarian ligament
Round ligament of uterus

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20
Q

testicular cell type secreting testosterone

A

Leydig cells

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21
Q

testicular cell type secreting inhibin

A

Sertoli cells

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22
Q

juxtaglomerular cells secrete

A

renin

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23
Q

The lesser omentum is divided into 4 ligaments. These are?

A

Hepatogastric
hepatoduodenal
hepatophrenic
hepato-oesophageal

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24
Q

Contents of Glisson’s capsule (free border of lesser omentum)

A

portal vein
common bile duct
hepatic artery

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25
Q

The greater omentum is divided into 4 ligaments. These are:

A

gastrocolic
gastrosplenic
gastrophrenic
splenorenal

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26
Q

Endopelvic fascia gives rise to three sets of ligaments

A

cardinal ligaments
uterosacral ligaments
pubocervical ligaments

They are lengthened in pelvic floor prolapse

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27
Q

The pelvic diaphragm is made up of which 2 muscles

A

levator ani
coccygeus muscle

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28
Q

Deep perineal pouch contents

A

external urethral sphincter
Deep transverse perineal muscle
bulbourethral glands

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29
Q

superficial perineal pouch contents

A

superficial perineal muscles
bulbospongiosus
ischiocavernosus
bartholin’s glands
crura of clitoris

30
Q

Pepsin is secreted from

A

body of stomach

31
Q

gastrin is secreted from

A

pyloric antrum

32
Q

Branches of the coeliac axis

A

left gastric artery
splenic artery
hepatic artery

33
Q

valvulae conniventes

A

small bowel

34
Q

taenia coli

A

large bowel

35
Q

Innervation of internal urethral sphincter

A

autonomic sympathetic control from inferior hypogastric plexus

36
Q

innervation of external urethral sphincter

A

perineal branch of pudendal nerve

37
Q

what is red degeneration of fibroid

A

fibroid outgrowing blood supply –> haemorrhagic infarction
USS will show localised fluid collection (blood) within fibroid

38
Q

anatomy of pudendal nerve

A

Gives off three branches:

inferior anal

perineal

dorsal nerve of clitoris

39
Q

Levitator Ani is composed of 3 muscles:

A

puborectalis, pubococcygeus and iliococcygeal.

40
Q

Blood supply to levator ani

A

inferior gluteal artery

41
Q

Grades of perineal tear

A
42
Q

Referred pain from uterine contraction: dermatome?

A

Labour pain is typically referred to T11 & T12 dermatomes in the early stage of labour

43
Q

Which two nerves provide primary cutaneous sensory innervation to labia majora

A

Ilioinguinal

Pudendal (–> perineal nerve –> posterior labial nerves)

44
Q

What are the three parts of the male urethra

A

Prostatic

Membranous (shortest, narrowest, contains external sphincter and bulbourethral glands drain into it

Spongy (i.e. penile/cavernous part)

45
Q

Internal anal sphincter innervation

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S4)

46
Q

Lymph drainage of cervix

A

External iliac lymph nodes, ultimately para-aortic nodes

47
Q

Ilioinguinal nerve - nerve root

A

L1

48
Q

Sympathetic nerve supply to the uterus

A

T10-L1

49
Q

Lymph drainage of

1: scrotum
2. testicles

A

Scrotum - superficial inguinal nodes

Testes - lumbar and para-aortic nodes

50
Q

Ovaries - venous drainage

A

LEFT ovarian vein - drains into left renal vein

RIGHT ovarian vein - drains into IVC

51
Q

Venous drainage of the gut

A

Important to note

Inferior mesenteric vein drains into splenic vein

Superior mesenteric vein drains into hepatic portal vein

52
Q

Autonomic supply to ureters

A

T11 - L2

Explains loin to groin pain!!

53
Q

MEDIAL umbilical ligament is remnant of what structure

A

Fetal umbilical arteries

54
Q

MEDIAN umbilical ligament is remnant of what?

A

Urachus - foetal canal that drains urinary bladder via umbilicus

55
Q

Superior border of superficial pouch

A

Perineal membrane

56
Q

contents of the femoral triangle

A

femoral sheath

nerve

artery

vein inc SFJ

Deep inguinal lymph nodes & lymphatics

57
Q

lymph drainage of cervix

A

external iliac nodes

58
Q

Ilioinguinal nerve - spinal segment

A

L1

59
Q

lymph drainage of ovaries

A

lateral aortic and pre-aortic nodes

60
Q

Which three muscles form the superficial muscles of the perineum

A

bulbospongiosus

superficial transverse perineal

ischiocavernous

61
Q

Sympathetic nerve supply to uterus

A

T10 - L1

62
Q

The ureters receive autonomic supply from which spinal segments?

A

T11 - L2

63
Q

Aorta enters the abdomen at level of

A

T12

64
Q

appendicular artery is branch of

A

Posterior caecal artery

65
Q

IVC pierces central tendon of diaphragm at level

A

T10

66
Q

Renal colic - stone location on plain film xray is most likely at level of

A

Pelvic brim

67
Q

What level does ovarian artery branch off descending aorta

A

L1

68
Q

What structures exist within the superficial peroneal pouch

A

Contains the structures forming the root of the clitoris:

the bulb of the vestibule

bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus muscles;

superficial transverse perineal muscle with their nerve supply (perineal branch of the pudendal nerve), blood supply (branches of the internal pudendal artery)

perineal body

The superficial perineal pouch is seperated from the deep perineal pouch by the inferior fascial layer of the urogenital diaphragm.

69
Q

Bladder relaxation - storage - nerve

Bladder voiding - nerve

A

Sympathetic L1 L2

Parasympathetic S2-S4 detrusor

70
Q

Malleus and Incus of the middle ear are derived from which arch

A

Mesoderm of first pharyngeal arch

71
Q
A

mrcog part 1 (14 decks)

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