Reverse Names Flashcards
memory trace, physical basis of a stored mem.
engram
info processing ocurrers in parallel across a large number of distributed units
parallel distribulted processing model
mem damage more likley for new memories
ribots law
Declarative memories start out as connections between hippocampal and cortical neurons. Hippocampal neurons hold a unified account of a memory, over time representations become cortically represented and no longer need the hippocampus.
standard consolidation
Each time a memory is reactivated, a new memory trace is laid down through the hippocampus. Remote/rehearsed memories will have more traces because they have been reactivated more often.
multiple trace theory
hen one node in a network is activated, surrounding nodes are also more likely to become activated. Activation of one idea activated others
speading activation model
Priming alters a pre-existing memory representation. Priming activates nodes in a network; subsequent exposures are processed more efficiently due to this first activation.
modification theory
Priming leads to new representations of stimuli.
aquisition theroy
Learning to classify stimuli or make decisions based on statistical information. Ex. Weather-Prediction Task: (People eventually learn these tentative relationships, despite the fact that no explicit rule exists.) Cog Skill learning in striatum, medial-temp lobe.
probablistic classification learning
Hippocampus mediates memory for spatial relations among objects in the environment. Rodents have hippocampal place cells that are activated in specific locations in the environment.
cognitive map theory
The hippocampus is critical for all forms of episodic memory
episodic mem theroy
Perirhinal cortex and lateral entorhinal cortex are involved with memory for items [what, ventral]. Parahippocampal and medial entorhinal cortex are involved with memory for context [where, dorsal]. The hippocampus is involved with both systems.
in item contex theroy
Memory success is a function of the overlap between encoding and retrieval operations.
transfer appropriate processing
Conceptual knowledge is organized by sensory (form, colour, etc.) and functional (movements, uses, etc.) properties of the objects or concepts
sensory/functional therory
This theory suggests that concepts are organized by semantic category rather than by sensory properties. Only for important concepts.
domain specific theory
researchers compare encoding-related activity for items that were remembered versus those that were forgotten.
sybsequent memory paradigm
mental state of episodic retrieval (the retrieval of episodic memories) which is assumed to be qualitatively different from the mental states of other cognitive abilities.
retrieval mode
Remembering to perform a planned action at the appropriate time.
prospective memory
brain damage where language is effected
aphasia
robot-like speach
aprosodia
when one word getting activated activates others as well
expectancy induced priming
words slurred together j’amie
coarticulated
An inability to form normal syntax.
agrammatic aphasia
this circuit involves brain areas connected to the hypothalamus. Hypothal—>anterior thal—>cingulate gyrus—>hippocamp—>hypothal
papez circuit
damage to anterior temp that includes lack of appreciation for the motivational significance of objects in the environment, hyperorality and altered sexual behaviour
Kulver-Bucy syndrome
sweat
galvantic skin responce
VMPFC links factual knowledge and information about ANS, endocrine, and musculoskeletal changes associated with an event. When a similar event occurs, these ‘____’ are retrieved. The VMPFC triggers reactivation of the somatosensory pattern by stimulating emotional structures such as the amygdala. Tested with Iowa gambling task.
semantic market hypoth
basilateral amyg is NB for ________ processing in other brain regions to enhance retention of emotional events. Epinep and Norepinep [Active beta-adrenergic receptors in the PNS. The resulting signals are carried to the brainstem via the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves. The brainstem then projects to the hypothalamus, amygdala, and other emotional structures.]
memory modulation hypoth
A moderate amount of stress or emotion helps memory. Too much or too little emotion impairs memory.
Yerkes-Dodson Law
_____ (Initial transfer (or stabilization) of memory from short-term to long-term memory. ) ________ (The reorganization of the brain’s representation of an episode. The brain region necessary for post-encoding memory is no longer needed to preserve that memory. )
synaptic consolidation and system consolidation
Items are stored in ‘memory space’ in which relationships are coded by overlapping cues. Neurons don’t represent a global topography. Neurons represent relationships amongst cues. taught rats to choose cups that were associated with odors that had been differentially rewarded.
Relational Memory Theory
Roughly speaking, the effect is characterized by a warping of perceptual space such that acoustic patterns near phonemic cate- gory centers are perceived as closer together than equally spaced acoustic patterns that are further away from phonemic category centers
Perceptual Magnet theory
when stimulus repeated, neurons that arn’t essential fire less and the responce gets quicker
sharpening model of priming
hippo is for spacial memory and the perrhial is for item based
hippo-perrihial theory
