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Microbiology Unit 2 > Retrovirus > Flashcards

Retrovirus Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

4 H club risk group

A

Homosexual, Heroine, Haitians, hemophiliacs

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2
Q

Retroviruses have a ___ intermediate

A

DNA

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3
Q

2 subfamilies of retroviruses

A

Orthoretrovirinae and Spumavirinae

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4
Q

Genome of Retroviruses

A

+ssRNA, Diploid identical copies

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5
Q

Proteins in Retrovirsues

A

Reverse transcriptase, integrase, protease

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6
Q

2 types of genomes

A

simple retroviruses and complex

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7
Q

Simple retroviruses only encode what genes? 4

A

Gag, Pro, Pol, Env

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8
Q

What is an identifying feature of retroviruses?

A

Reverse transcriptase

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9
Q

Transcription is “___” in retroviruses. What does this mean?

A

Promiscuous,

It can pick up on various genomes, just go all over

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10
Q

Once a retrovirus is integrated into host DNA, it is?

A

Permanent

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11
Q

Integration identified oncogenes components: 4

A

Transcription factors
Secreted growth factors
Growth factor receptors
Cell signal transduction pathways

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12
Q

Defective viruses are viruses made during replication that lack

A

At least one gene

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13
Q

3 types of retroviruses

A

Slow retroviruses
Cytopathic retroviruses
Acute transforming viruses

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14
Q

Type of virus that has high level mutagenesis, results in tumorigenesis

A

Slow retrovirus

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15
Q

Carry cytopathic genes, cause direct tissue damage

A

Cytopathic retroviruses

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16
Q

Induce rapid tumor formation

A

Acute transforming viruses

17
Q

Has 4 distinct types, deltaretroviruses, first isolated in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

A

Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)

18
Q

Spread of HTLV

A

Person to person

-Breastfeeding, needles, blood, Sexual

19
Q

HTLV-1 Latent period

A

30-50 years

20
Q

What triggers HTLV-1 disease?

A

Antigen activation

21
Q

HAM/TSP infect what

A

T cells in the nervous system

22
Q

Prevention/treatment of HTLV-1

A

Eliminate breastfeeding

Chemotherapy, corticosteroids, interferon

23
Q

What type of virus is HIV?

A

Lentivirus

24
Q

What does AZT target?

A

Reverse transcriptase

25
Q

Latent period of HIV

A

6 months to 25 years

26
Q

HIV targets what cells?

A

T-cells

27
Q

HIV prevention/Treatment

A

Sexual protection and blood screening. Antiviral treatments

Microbiology Unit 2 (9 decks)

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