Fungi

Question 1

Fungi are saprophytic, which means?

Answer 1

Decomposers-secrete digestive enzymes

Question 2

Fungi are (eukaryotes or prokaryotes?)

Answer 2

Eukaryotes

Question 3

Disease by fungi are caused by what?

Answer 3

Inflammatory response through direct invasion or destruction of tissues. (some produce toxins)

Question 4

Cell membranes of fungi are made of what?

Answer 4

Ergosterol

Question 5

Cell walls of fungi are made of what?

Answer 5

Chitin

Question 6

3 major categories of Fungi

Answer 6

Yeast-unicellular
Molds-Multicellular
Dimorphic fungi-both mold and yeast

Question 7

Yeast grow in what?

Answer 7

Buds

Question 8

Molds grow in what?

Answer 8

Mycelial-vegetative form, a chain

Question 9

How does mold sexually reproduce?

Answer 9

Spores

Question 10

How does mold asexually reproduce?

Answer 10

Conidia

Question 11

3 ways fungi are encountered

Answer 11

Incidental contact
Normal human flora
Contact with infected individual

Question 12

What is required to eliminate fungal infections?

Answer 12

T cell mediated immunity

Question 13

What is the primary mechanism for containing fungal infections?

Answer 13

Phagocytosis and killing by neutrophils

Question 14

Fungal cell walls are unique because they contain what?

Answer 14

Chitin

Question 15

FUngal membranes are different from animals because they contain

Answer 15

Ergesterol

Question 16

T/F All molds are dimorphic

Answer 16

False

Question 17

T/F Yeasts reproduce through the production of spores

Answer 17

False

Question 18

3 Types of endemic mycoses

Answer 18

Histoplasmosis
Blastomycosis
Coccidioidomycosis

Question 19

Source of histoplasmosis

Answer 19

Bird and bat poop

Question 20

Blastomycosis source

Answer 20

Soil mold

Question 21

Coccidioidomycosis source

Answer 21

Desert soils

Question 22

In lungs, histoplasma capsulatum transforms into what phase?

Answer 22

Yeast

Question 23

Histoplasma capsulatum infect what types of cells?

Answer 23

Macrophages

Question 24

Treatment of histoplasmosis

Answer 24

Self limiting or

Itraconazole for 3-12 months

Question 25

Blastomycosis is what type of fungus?

Answer 25

Dimorphic- turns to yeast at 37 degrees

Question 26

Symptoms of blastomycosis

Answer 26

Skin lesions, granulomas

Question 27

Treatment of blastomycosis

Answer 27

Similar to histoplasmosis

Question 28

Coccidioidomycosis is found where?

Answer 28

Desert soil

Question 29

Treatment for coccidiomycosis

Answer 29

Itraconazole

Question 30

Symptoms of coccidiomycosis

Answer 30

Acute pulmonary infections

Desert rheumatism or valley fever

Question 31

3 opportunistic fungal pathogens for the test

Answer 31

Candidiasis
Cryptococcosis
Aspergillosis

Question 32

Candidiasis reproduce by what?

Answer 32

Buds

Question 33

Dimorphism exception of candidiasis

Answer 33

Mycelial not yeast form found in tissues

Question 34

All systemic infections of candida are what?

Answer 34

Life threatening

Question 35

Yeast infections are caused by what?

Answer 35

Candidiasis

Question 36

Diagnosis of candidiasis

Answer 36

Thrush-scraping of tongue or whatever

Question 37

Cryptococcosis is most often presented as what?

Answer 37

Meningitis

Question 38

Treatment for Cryptococcosis

Answer 38

meningitis-Amphotericin B and flucytosine

Pulmonary infections-Fluconazole

Question 39

Dermatophyte skin infections have 3 etiological genera. What are they?

Answer 39

Microsporum
Trichophyton
Epidermophyton

Question 40

Tineas is what?

Answer 40

Clinical name for dermatophyte skin infection