Antivirals and vaccines

Question 1

HIV treatment

Answer 1

Enfuvirtide-blocks refolding of gp41, inhibits membrane fusion

Question 2

Treatment for Influenza

Answer 2

Amantadine-Prevents nucleocapsid release at the end of cell entry process-blocks ion channels

Question 3

Chain terminators work how?

Answer 3

Nucleoside analogue doesn’t have both the OH groups, ending synthesis.

Question 4

What does Acyclovir bind onto?

Answer 4

Thymadine kinase

Question 5

What is acyclovir used to treat?

Answer 5

Herpes infections

Question 6

Ganciclovir is effective against what?

Answer 6

CMV

Question 7

Valganciclovir is similar to acyclovir but improved how?

Answer 7

Oral bioavailability

Question 8

Foscarnet treats what and how?

Answer 8

Herpes and prevents viral polymerase activity

Question 9

What is wrong with foscarnet?

Answer 9

IV administration and is toxic

Question 10

Challenges for antivirals

Answer 10

Bioavailability
Specificity
Toxicity

Question 11

Interferons are more effective against what type of virus

Answer 11

RNA vs DNA

Question 12

Administering all or part of a pathogenic agent to induce antibodies or cell mediated immunity

Answer 12

Active immunization

Question 13

Administration of exogenously produced antibodies

Answer 13

Passive immunization

Question 14

Advantages for live attenuated vaccines

Answer 14

Easy to administer, longer lasting immunity

Question 15

Disadvantages to live attenuated vaccines

Answer 15

Disease could still present itself

Question 16

Advantages for killed vaccine

Answer 16

Safer, cannot revert to disease state

Question 17

Disadvantages for killed

Answer 17

Injected, does not induce cell mediated immunity and protection is shorter

Question 18

3 important immune cell types in vaccination

Answer 18

B cells,
CD8+ T-cells
CD4+ T-cells