Restrictive lung disorder and interstitial lung disease

Question 1

What happens to the FEV1/FVC

Answer 1

FEV1< about 1.8
FVC< about 2.1
BUT: FEV1/FVC the same or increases
Reduced compliance= stiffness of the lungs
Collagen and elastin deposited in the interstitium:
-increases elastic recoil
-Decreases compliance
-Inspiration reduced as lungs cannot stretch out as much
-Expiration not compromised: FEV1 still good due to elastin

Question 2

Signs

Answer 2

Reduced lung compliance
Reduced FEV1/FVC
Reduced gas transfer
Ventilation perfusion imbalance

Question 3

Different types of interstitial lung disease depending on response to lung injury

Answer 3

Acute response: DAD- diffuse alveoli damage
Chronic response:
-Usual interstitial pneumonitis
-Granulomatous response: Sarcoidosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis
-Other

Question 4

What does chronic response lead to in the lung?

Answer 4

Fibrosis

Honey-comb lung

Question 5

Definition?

Answer 5

A disease which reduces the expansion of the lung and therefore the supply of 02 to the alveoli

Question 6

What is the interstium

Answer 6

The space between the basement membranes of the endothelium of the capillaries or the basement membrane of the epithelium of the alveoli in the lungs

Question 7

Main causes of Restrictive lung disease

Answer 7

• Interstitial lung disease
• Pleural disease: effusion, pneumothorax, thickening
• Muscular disease: ALS
• Skeletal: Kypholiosis, Thoracoplasty
• Sub-diaphragmatic: Obesity, pregnancy