Respiratory infection

Question 1

Risk factors

Answer 1

Type of organism:
-primary
-facultative 
-opportunistic
Patient:
-age 
-immune system

Question 2

Defence mechanisms

Answer 2

-macrophage mucociliary escalator
-general immune system:
humoral and cellular
-cough reflex

Question 3

Where can pathogens deposit

Answer 3

• conducting airways: mucociliary response

- terminal bronchioles, proximal alveoli: macrophages+ mucociliary escalator and lymphatic system

Question 4

What is the macrophage mucociliary escalator

Answer 4

macrophages: phagocytose the pathogens in the LRTI which would otherwise be sterile
mucociliary action:
goblet cells- trap pathogens
Cilia: move the pathogens up out of the airways