Pneumonia Flashcards
causes
bacterial:
-Strep pneumonia
-staph aureus
-Haemophilius influenzae
-chlamydia pneumonia
-mycoplasma pneumoniae
-legionella pneumonia
Viruses- haemophilius
Fungi
Investigation
- thin CT
- Bloods
- CXR
Confusion Urea in blood> 7 Respiratory rate >30bpm Blood pressure( diastole) < 60 65
Signs
- Dullness on percussion
- increased Resonant sounds
- Crackles on inspiration
- Tachypnoea
- central cyanosis
Symptoms
- Breathlessness
- productive rusty cough
- haemoptysis
- pleuritic chest pain
Treatment
- Fluids
- 02
- Analgesia
- Antibiotics: beta lactams and macrolides
- drainage if fluid
- surgery
classification of pneumonia
- community acquired
- hospital acquired
- Aspiration
- Atypical
OR
Bronchopneumonia: segments of consolidation separated by normal lung tissue
Lobar/segmental: complete investment of the a lobe
Atypical
How does it resolve
- Abcess
- Empyema
- Pleural effusion
- Organisation - COP/BOOP
- Resolves
- Anemia
- Septicemia
- Kidney injury
CXR investigations
If bronchiopneumonia: chest patchiness throughout lung If Atypical pneumonia: patchiness in hilarious region more reticular If lobar: patchiness in lobe involved
what is atypical pneumonia
pathogen in the interstitium surrounding the alveoli
Other name for hospital acquired pneumonia and characters
Nosocomial
- more severe
- patients have weakened immune system and pathogens tend to be antibiotic resistant
Different treatments based on CURB
CURB 0-1 amoxicillin or clarithromycin- HOME
2 together- HOSPITAL
3-5 Co-amoxiclav and clarithromycin- life threatening
What is COP/BOOP
COP- cryptogenic organising pneumonia- narrowing of small airways
BOOP- bronchialitis obliterates organising pneumonia
Definition
Inflammation of the lungs which leads to an inflammatory response
