Restrictive disease Flashcards
What do you see on spirometry with restrictive diseases?
- dec TLC, dec FVC, dec FEV1
- FEV1/FVC is increased
What cytokine is implicated in idiopathic pulm fibrosis?
TGFB from injured pneumocytes
What is pneumoconicoses?
fibrosis due to occupational exposure
What happens when someone is exposed to coal for a long time?
dilated respiratory bronchioles, diffuse fibrosis, shrunken lung
What is the histological appearance of silicosis?
fibrotic nodules in upper lobes of the lung
-whorled appearance
What does exposure to silica increase the risk for?
TB infection
-impairs phagolysosome formation by macros
Who is usually exposed to beryllium?
aerospace workers
What is the histological appearance of beryllium exposure in the lung?
noncaseating granulomas in the lung and hilar LNs
also in systemic organs
Which two environmental exposures increase the risk for lung cancer?
beryllium and asbestos
Who is usually exposed to asbestos?
construction workers, plumbers, shipyard workers
What is more common in people exposed to asbestos: lung carcinoma or mesothelioma?
lung carcinoma!!!!
What are asbestos bodies?
long rod shaped brown beads
What is sarcoidosis?
noncaseating granulomas found in multiple organs
What are some histological key features of sarcoidosis?
asteroid bodies - epitheloid giant cells
schaumann bodies - small lamellar calcifications
Are CD4 cells or CD8 cells increased in sarcoidosis?
CD4
