lung-pulmonary infections Flashcards
what are the 3 patterns classically seen on xray in pneumonia patients?
lobal pneumonia
bronchopnemonia
interstitial pheumonia
what classification of pneumonia:
“consolidation of the entire lobe”
lobar pneumonia
what are the 2 most common bacterial causes of lobar pneumonia
strep pneumoniae and klebsiella pneumoniae
what are 4 things you see on gross exam of lobar pneumonia
- congestion
- red hepatization
- gray hepatization
- resolution
what classification of pneumonia:
“scattered patchy consolidation centered around bronchioles, often multifocal and bilateral”
bronchopneumonia
what classification of pneumonia:
“diffuse interstitial infiltrates”
interstitial (atypical) pneumonia
why is interstitial pneumonia considered atypical (symptoms)
presents with relatively mild upper resp symptoms (minimal sputum and low fever)
what bacteria usually cause aspiration pneumonia?
anaerobic bacteria of the oropharynx
what bacteria is the most common cause of secondary pneumonia after an infection with a virus
strep pneumoniae
how does one usually get klebsiella pneumoniae
enteric flora that is aspirated
what organism:
“thick mucoid capsule results in gelatinous sputum (current jelly)”
klebsiella pneumoniae
what pneumnonia is seen in cystic fibrosis patients? what type of pneumonia is that
pseudomonas aeruginosa (bronchopneumonia)
what 3 bronchopneumonias are seen superimposed onto COPD
haemophilus influenzae
morazella catarrhalis
legionella pneumophila
what organism:
“causes bronchopneumonia and best sen with silver stain”
legionella
what organism in this pneumonia:
“most common cause of atypical pneumonia, usually affects young adults”
myoplasma pneumoniae
what are 2 complications of mycoplasma pneumonia
- autoimmune hemolytic anemia (cold)
2. erythema multiforme
what is the most common cause of atypical pneumonia in infants?
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
cytomegalovirus is the most common cause of atypical pneumonia in..
posttransplant immunosuppresive therapy
what pneumonia
“atypical pneumonia with high fever (Q fever) seen in farmers and vets”
coxiella burnetii
why is coxiella distinct from most other rickettsial organisms?
causes pneumonia
does not require arthropod vector
survives highly heat resistant endospores
does not produce a skin rash
where is the abscess with aspiration pneumonia usually seen (what part of lung)
right lower lobe
what disease
“focal, caseating necrosis in lower lobe of lung and hilar node that undergoes fibrosis and calcification”
primary TB
where do you see a Ghon complex?
primary TB
where in the lung do you usually see TB reactivation?
apex of the lung
