lung-pulmonary infections Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 patterns classically seen on xray in pneumonia patients?

A

lobal pneumonia
bronchopnemonia
interstitial pheumonia

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2
Q

what classification of pneumonia:

“consolidation of the entire lobe”

A

lobar pneumonia

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3
Q

what are the 2 most common bacterial causes of lobar pneumonia

A

strep pneumoniae and klebsiella pneumoniae

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4
Q

what are 4 things you see on gross exam of lobar pneumonia

A
  1. congestion
  2. red hepatization
  3. gray hepatization
  4. resolution
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5
Q

what classification of pneumonia:

“scattered patchy consolidation centered around bronchioles, often multifocal and bilateral”

A

bronchopneumonia

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6
Q

what classification of pneumonia:

“diffuse interstitial infiltrates”

A

interstitial (atypical) pneumonia

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7
Q

why is interstitial pneumonia considered atypical (symptoms)

A

presents with relatively mild upper resp symptoms (minimal sputum and low fever)

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8
Q

what bacteria usually cause aspiration pneumonia?

A

anaerobic bacteria of the oropharynx

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9
Q

what bacteria is the most common cause of secondary pneumonia after an infection with a virus

A

strep pneumoniae

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10
Q

how does one usually get klebsiella pneumoniae

A

enteric flora that is aspirated

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11
Q

what organism:

“thick mucoid capsule results in gelatinous sputum (current jelly)”

A

klebsiella pneumoniae

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12
Q

what pneumnonia is seen in cystic fibrosis patients? what type of pneumonia is that

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa (bronchopneumonia)

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13
Q

what 3 bronchopneumonias are seen superimposed onto COPD

A

haemophilus influenzae
morazella catarrhalis
legionella pneumophila

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14
Q

what organism:

“causes bronchopneumonia and best sen with silver stain”

A

legionella

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15
Q

what organism in this pneumonia:

“most common cause of atypical pneumonia, usually affects young adults”

A

myoplasma pneumoniae

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16
Q

what are 2 complications of mycoplasma pneumonia

A
  1. autoimmune hemolytic anemia (cold)

2. erythema multiforme

17
Q

what is the most common cause of atypical pneumonia in infants?

A

respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

18
Q

cytomegalovirus is the most common cause of atypical pneumonia in..

A

posttransplant immunosuppresive therapy

19
Q

what pneumonia

“atypical pneumonia with high fever (Q fever) seen in farmers and vets”

A

coxiella burnetii

20
Q

why is coxiella distinct from most other rickettsial organisms?

A

causes pneumonia
does not require arthropod vector
survives highly heat resistant endospores
does not produce a skin rash

21
Q

where is the abscess with aspiration pneumonia usually seen (what part of lung)

A

right lower lobe

22
Q

what disease

“focal, caseating necrosis in lower lobe of lung and hilar node that undergoes fibrosis and calcification”

A

primary TB

23
Q

where do you see a Ghon complex?

A

primary TB

24
Q

where in the lung do you usually see TB reactivation?

A

apex of the lung

25
Q

what does the biopsy of a reactivated TB lesion show?

A

caseating granulomas

AFB stain reveals acid fast bacilli