Cardiac-valvular disorders Flashcards
what pathogen causes acute rheumatic fever?
pharyngitis due to group A B-hemolytic steptococci
when does someone get acute rheumatic fever?
2-3 weeks after an episode of strep throat
why does strep go onto cause acute rheumatic fever?
molecular mimicry
bacterial M protein resembles proteins in human tissue
what are the minor criteria for acute rheumatic fever?
fever and elevated ESR
what are the 5 major criteria of acute rheumatic fever?
- migratory polyarthritis (J=joint)
- pancarditis (O looks like a heart)
- subcutaneous nodules (N=nodules)
- erythema marginatum (E=erythema)
- syndenham chorea (S=syndenham)
what characterizes the endocarditis (part of pancarditis) seen in acute rheumatic fever?
small vegetations along the lines of closure that lead to regurg
in what disease do you see anitschkow cells
in myocarditis due to acute rheumatic fever
what is the most common cause of death during the acute phase of rheumatic fever?
myocarditis
what does pericarditis cause (symptoms) in a person with acute rheumatic fever?
friction rub and chest pain
what is the following describing? when is this seen?
“annular, non-puritic rash with erythematous borders commonly seen on trunk and limbs”
erythema marginatum seen in acute rheumatic fever
what is syndenham chorea that is seen in acute rheumatic fever
rapid, involuntary muscle movements
what is chronic rheumatic HD
valve scarring that arises due to rheumatic fever
what characterizes the valvular scarring in chronic rheumatic HD
stenosis with classic “fish mouth” apperance
what is the most common valve that is affected in chronic rheumatic HD
mitral (2nd valve would be aortic where you see fusion of commissures)
what classically causes aortic stenosis
wear and tear