Lung Cancer Flashcards
What is the treatment for small cell carcinoma?
chemo NOT surgery
what does small cell carcinoma arise from?
neuroendocrine cells
Who and where are small cell carcinomas usually found?
male smokers
central
What are some paraneoplastic syndromes associated with small cell carcinoma?
SIADH, ectopic ACTH
eaton lambert syndrome
How are non small cell carcinomas usually treated?
surgery
Who is adenocarcinomas usually found in?
non smokers and female smokers
where are adenocarcinomas usually?
peripheral - can spread to the pleura
What gene is typically activated in adenocarcinoma?
EGFR
What is the histological presentation of squamous cell carcinoma?
keratin pearls
intercellular bridges
who and where are squamous cell carcinomas usually found?
male smokers, central
What paraneoplastic syndrome is squamous cell carcinoma associated with?
PTHrP
Is large cell carcinoma associated with smoking?
yes
Where do carcinoid tumors arise from? what marker do they have?
neuroendocrine cells so they are chromogranin positive
Are carcinoid tumors related to smoking?
nope
If someone has carcinoid syndrome, what do you worry about?
primary carcinoid tumor in the lung that spread to the liver
where do bronchioalveolar carcinomas arise from?
clara cells
is smoking a risk factor for bronchioalveolar carcinoma?
no
What cancers are notorious for spreading to the lung?
breast and colon carcinomas
How do lung metastases appear?
multiple cannon ball nodules
What is a weird place that lung tumors usually spread to?
adrenal gland
What is SVC syndrome?
obstruction of the SVC by a lung tumor
distended H&N veins, blue discoloration of arms and face
What nerves are lung tumors commonly associated with impinging?
- sympathetic chain - horners
- laryngeal - hoarseness
- phrenic - diaphragm paralysis
