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Dental > Restorative Dentistry > Flashcards

Restorative Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

pt lost a tooth, needs space filled. what options available to replace space now? (3)

A
  • natural tooth pontic
  • composite (free hand or crown former)
  • acrylic denture tooth
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2
Q

When adding a natural tooth pontic and additional retention needed, embed ____ on lingual surface. (3)

A
  • fiber reinforced ribbon
  • ortho wire
  • wire mesh
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3
Q

How is a Rochette bridge retentive? (3)

A
  • micromechanical retention
  • has countersunk holes within wing
  • allow retentive composite plugs/rivets to form when cemented
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4
Q

what are the cons of Rochette bridges? (2)

A
  • thick wing - affect occlusion
  • poor retention rate
  • fracture prone
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5
Q

Difference between adhesive resin luting cement and non-adhesive resin luting cement

A

adhesive can bond to metal in addition to etched tooth tissue.

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6
Q

adhesive luting cement bonds better with what sort of metal?

A

non-precious metal

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7
Q

give examples of

  • non precious metal
  • precious metal
A

CoCr
Stainless Steel
Nickel

Precious
- gold

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8
Q

What is done to improve bond strength of adhesive luting cement to precious metal alloy? (5)

A
  • Sandblasting with 50 micrometer alumina (most convenient and common)
  • Heat Tx and oxide formation
  • Silicate coating
  • Tin plating
  • Application of metal primer
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9
Q

what tooth preparation can be considered when doing a RBB? (3)

A

cingulum rest
cervical chamfer
occlusal rest (for posteriors)

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10
Q

if no prep RBB is done, what can be incooperated to help locate precise area of cementation? (2)

A

seating lug

incisal extension

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11
Q

what is the issues with cementing RBB on central incisors? (1)

A

metal wing can shine through

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12
Q

what is the issues with cementing RBB on canines? (3)

A
  • affect canine guidance

- mesial contact point on 3 is close to gingival margin (poor OH, connector too narrow)

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13
Q

what special prep is required for canines to be abutments for RBB? (1)

A

prep of guide plane on mesial surface

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14
Q

what is Ante’s law? (3)

A
  • combined pericemental area of abutment
  • must be equal or more to
  • the pericemental area of the teeth to be replaced.
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15
Q

what is Tarnow’s rule? (3)

A

distance between contact point and interproximal osseous crest has to be 5mm or less for complete fill of gingival embrasure

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16
Q

an abutment supporting 2 pontics (1 on both sides). What is this kind of abutment called?

A

Pier abutment

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17
Q

what is a spring cantilever? (3)

A
  • typically uses 6 as abutment
  • pontic on 1s or 2s.
  • stainless steal L shaped connector
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18
Q

spring cantilevers have become obsolete now cuz of the availability of what treatment option?

A

implants

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19
Q

what is the benefits of a fixed-movable bridge? (2)

A
  • allow movements along long axis of tooth

- does not require prep to be parallel

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20
Q

what is the ideal taper for a crown/bridge?

A

10-15 degrees

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21
Q

for a fixed-fixed bridge, what are the tooth prep rules? (3)

A
  • tapered
  • parallel to each other
  • no undercuts
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22
Q

name 4 pontic designs.

A
  • modified ridge lap
  • saddle
  • ovate / dome
  • sanitary
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23
Q

indications for a SANITARY pontic design (3)

A
  • posterior teeth (not in smile line)
  • easy cleaning
  • used primarily for stabilising occlusion
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24
Q

which pontic design is most popular amongst patients? why?

A
  • saddle

- has a similiar profile to natural teeth with realistic “feel”

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25
Q

which pontic design is most desired by dentist? why?

A
  • modified ridge lap
  • easy to clean
  • realistic appearance
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26
Q

when aspect of the occlusion is checked before fitting bridge? (2)

A

in ICP
- abutment and pontic should have contacts

in excursive movements
- involve abutments only

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27
Q

what is the tooth prep thickness for veneers?

A

0.5 - 0.75mm

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28
Q

for a veneer prep, what sort of bur finish should be on the labial surface?

A

chamfer finish

29
Q

name the 4 types of veneer incisal preps.

A
  • feather edge
  • incisal overlap
  • window
  • incisal bevel
30
Q

during veneer fabrication, why is glaze porcelain applied to the refractory die model? (1)

A

to allow space for luting cement

31
Q

How can we create a rough fit surface on a veneer would allow better bond? (2)

A
  • sandblasting

- use of hydrofluoric acid gel

32
Q

what are the steps on veneer cementation? (6)

A
  • apply silane coupling agent + air dry
  • cellulose strip other teeth
  • etch, rinse, dry, bond cure tooth
  • place resin luting cement
  • seat veneer
  • remove excess
33
Q

ceramic try-in will look lighter when no try-in paste or definitive luting cement used, why? (2)

A
  • with cement, more light is transmitted through veneer.

- without it, more light is transmitted.

34
Q

when would a gold veneer be considered? (2)

A
  • for palatal coverage

- erosion?

35
Q

what does composite consist of? (3)

A
  • Resin (dimethycrylate, ie BisGMA)
  • Filler particle (quartz, silica)
  • Barium (radio-opaque property)
36
Q

what are the 2 types of composites?

A

hybrid

low shrink composites

37
Q

after curing composite, it becomes smaller, what is this called?

A

polymerization shrinkage

38
Q

how do you reduce polymerization shrinkage? (3)

A

place composite in increments

pre-heat composite

39
Q

what is the C factor in composite?

A

configuration factor

  • ratio of bonded to unbonded surface area
  • lower C factor = lower shrinkage
40
Q

why is RMGI cores is avoided for all ceramic crowns?

A

RMGI undergoes hygroscopic expansion

41
Q

what does amalgam consist of? (4)

A
  • mercury
  • silver-tin alloy
  • copper
  • palladium
42
Q

what is the benefit of high copper amalgam? (3)

A
  • less deformation
  • stronger in compression
  • reduced potential for corrosion
43
Q

what is galvanic corrosion in dentistry? (3)

A
  • occurs when 2 disimiliar metals (amalgam and gold fillings)
  • immersed in a conductive solution (saliva)
  • and are electrically connected.
44
Q

Why copper amalgam has lower potential for corrosion than normal amalgam? (1)

A

absence of tin-mercury gamma 2 phase.

45
Q

when tooth prepping for a crown, the aim is to create 2 forms. What are the 2 forms?

A

retention form

resistance form

46
Q

what is retention form? (1)

A

prevents the displacement of restoration along path of insertion.

47
Q

what is resistance form? (2)

A
  • prevents dislodgment of restoration by forces directed apically or oblique direction.
  • prevents movement of restoration under occlusal forces
48
Q

how is retention form achieved? (3)

A

total occlusal convergence (TOC)

  • is the angle of convergence of 2 opposing walls
  • ideal 4-10 degrees.

taper
- ideal 2-5 degrees (which gives the ideal TOC)

49
Q

how is resistance form achieved? (3)

A

total occlusal convergence
- ideal 4-10 degrees

height of preparation (parallel belt)

  • shorter the better
  • posterior more resistance than anterior
50
Q

what is a telescopic crown?

A

used as abutment for fixed prosthesis.

51
Q

what is the advantage of using gold as restorative material? (4)

A
  • high cast accuracy
  • require less tooth prep
  • high strength
  • highly polished (less abrasive to opposing teeth)
52
Q

ceramic as a restorative material

  • pros (2)
  • cons (3)
A

pros

  • best aesthetics
  • hard and high wear resistance

cons

  • brittle
  • rely mostly on luting cement for retention (tapered preps)
  • abrasive to opposing dentition when glaze is lost.
53
Q

methods of making indirect restorations

  • traditional (2)
  • modern (1)
A

traditional

  • lost wax technique (for gold)
  • refractory die (for ceramic)

modern
- CADCAM

54
Q

what is an Iwanson gauge? (1)

A

used to measure crown thickness

55
Q

what is the minimal thickness required for the following restoration materials.

  • high copper amalgam
  • cast metal
  • porcelain
  • composite
A
  • high copper amalgam: 1.5mm
  • cast metal: 1mm
  • porcelain: 2mm
  • composite: 2.5mm
56
Q

how to achieve retention form for amalgam placement? (3)

A

create

  • dovetail
  • grooves
  • undercuts
57
Q

dentine

  • types (3)
  • when do they form?
A

Primary
- dentine before root completion

2*
- dentine after root completion

3*
- reaction to pathology/assault

58
Q

Tertiary dentine

  • types (2)
  • what is it (2)
A

reactionary
- dentine secreted by pre-existing odontoblast

reparative
- dentine secreted by newly differentiated odontoblast

59
Q

ICDAS

  • what is it?
  • classes? (6)
A

international caries detection and assessment system

class -

0: sound
1: first visual change in enamel
2: distinct visual change in enamel
3: localised enamel breakdown (no visible dentin)

4: underlying dark shadow from dentine
5: distinct cavity + visible dentin
6: extensive distinct cavity + visible dentin

60
Q

temporary fillings

  • types (3)
  • brand names (3)
  • advantage? (3)
A

GI (FUJI)
- adhesive

ZnO Eugenol (Kalzinol)
- anti-inflammatory and LA effect

ZnO (Cavit)
- undergoes linear expansion from water sorption

61
Q

etching for composite filling

  • what is used?
  • how to use?
  • why is it used? (2)
A

30% phosphoric acid

dry tooth + apply for 15s

  • removes smear layer
  • opens up collagen fibers and dentinal tubules
62
Q

prime for composite filling

- why? (1)

A

increase wettability of surface

63
Q

bond + curing in composite fillings

  • how long to cure?
  • what happens? (2)
A

20s

  • forms resin tags with fibers in tubules
  • forms links between resin primer and composite
64
Q

what is chelation in dentistry? (2)

A

chelating agent (EDTA) binds with calcium and brings it out of the canal.

65
Q

ceramic restorations

  • types (3)
  • describe (2 each)
A

glass ceramic
- also called feldspathic porcelain
- most aesthetic
used in veneers

particle filled glass

  • also called lithium disilicate
  • most common
  • example is Emax

polycrystalline

  • strongest
  • example is Zirconia
66
Q

what is a Lucia Jig? (3)

A

used to stabilise mandible in a harmonious position

  • accurate bite reg
  • deprogrammer for bruxism
67
Q

% of teeth over-erupt (with no opposing dentition)

A

85%

68
Q

what is a central bearing apparatus? (2)

A
  • requires a Gerber condylator

- shows centric relation and retruded contact position

Dental (16 decks)

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