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Dental > Radiology > Flashcards

Radiology Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 2 main radiology laws in the UK?

A

IRMER 2000

IRR 99

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2
Q

what is IRMER 2000?

A

ionising radiation (medical exposure) regulation 2000

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3
Q

what are the duty holders in IRMER 2000? (6)

A

ERPOMR

  • employer
  • referer
  • practitioner
  • operator
  • medical physics expert
  • radiation protection officer
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4
Q

what is the main purpose of

  • IRMER 2000
  • IRR 99
A

IRMER 2000
- protects patients

IRR 99
- protects staff, public and equipment

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5
Q

what is IRR 99?

A

Ionising Radiation Regulation 1999

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6
Q

Calcifications are common to see in radiographs. Where can calcifications commonly occur? (5)

A
  • tonsils
  • lymph nodes
  • carotids
  • cervical cartilages
  • stylohyoid ligament (Eagle’s syndrome)
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7
Q

What is the medical term for the calcification on the tonsils?

A

tonsilith

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8
Q

what scan is used to assess salivary glands?

A

sialograph

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9
Q

name the 2 types of sialography

A

radiosialography

MRI sialography

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10
Q

what are the 3 stages in radio-sialography?

A
  • pre contrast
  • filling phase
  • emptying phase
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11
Q

what is the radiographic contrast used in sialography?

A

iodine

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12
Q

what are the indications for sialography? (2)

A
  • Xeorstomia

- swelling of salivary gland

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13
Q

what are the contraindications for sialography? (3)

A
  • acute infection
  • allergic to contrast material
  • presence of calculus at duct opening
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14
Q

describe a normal sialograph result of a parotid. (3)

A
  • main duct has even diameter
  • branches taper towards periphery
  • “Tree of Winter” appearance
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15
Q

describe a normal sialograph result of a submandibular gland. (4)

A
  • main duct has even diameter
  • branches taper towards periphery
  • “Bush in Winter” appearance
  • duct curves around posterior border of mylohyoid
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16
Q

describe a classic sialograph result for a chronic sialodenitis. (2)

A
  • enlarged ducts

- “string of sausages” or beading appearance

17
Q

Isotope scanning

  • how does it work (4)
  • Warthin’s tumour vs other tumours? (1)
A

how it works

  • IV injection of gamma ray emmiting substance
  • absorbed by salivary gland and thyroid
  • excreted in saliva like iodine
  • gamma camera takes readings

most tumours decreases uptake of substance, but warthin’s tumour increases uptake.

18
Q

how to tell if gland neoplasm is ___

  • benign
  • malignant
A

benign
- tumour displaces ducts

malignant
- tumour replaces duct

19
Q

describe a classic sialograph result for pleomorphic adenoma. (1)

A

“ball in hand” appearance

Dental (16 decks)

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