Respirology

Question 1

What is cromlyn?

Answer 1

Mast cell stabilizer

Inhaled NSAID and has inflammatory effect

Question 2

What are the 5Ts of anterior mediastinal masses?

Answer 2

1. Thymoma
2. Teratoma
3. Terrible lymphoma
4. T cell leukemia
5. Thyroid mass

Question 3

What are the asthma control criteria for CTS?

Answer 3

1. Daytime symptoms <4d/wk
2. Night time symptoms <1 night/wk
3. Physical activity normal
4. Mild, infrequent exacerbations
5. No absence from work or school due to asthma
6. <4 doses/wk of fast-acting beta-2-agonist
7. FEV1 or PEF >/=90% personal best
8. PEF diurnal variation <10-15%

Question 4

What can cause a false negative sweat chloride test?

Answer 4

1. Dilution
2. Malnutrition
3. Edema (low albumin*)
4. Insufficient sweat quantity
5. Hyponatremia
6. CF transmembrane conductance regulator mutations with preserved sweat duct function

Question 5

What can cause a false positive sweat chloride test?

Answer 5

1. Atopic dermatitis
2. Ectodermal dysplasia
3. Malnutrition/FTT/deprivation
4. Anorexia nervosa
5. CAH
6. Adrenal insufficiency
7. G6PD
8. Mauriac syndrome
9. Fucosidosis
10. Familial hypoparathyroidism
11. Hypothyroidism
12. Nephrogenic DI
13. Pseudohypoaldosteronism
14. Klinefelter syndrome
15. Familial cholestasis syndrome
16. Autonomic dysfunction
17. Prostaglandin E infusions
18. Munchausen syndrome by proxy

Question 6

What is the landmark for chest tube insertion?

Answer 6

5th ICS mid-axillary line

Question 7

What is the landmark for needle decompression?

Answer 7

2nd ICS mid-clavicular line, insert above 3rd rib

Question 8

What are the typical pathogens in CF?

Answer 8

1. S aureus
2. Non typeable H flu
3. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4. Burkholderia cepacia
5. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
6. Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 9

What is the typical PFT pattern for asthma?

Answer 9

FVC normal
FEV1 <80%
FEV1/FVC ratio <80%
FEF 25-75% <80%
TLC normal
RV/TLC >30% if air trapping