ENT/Ophtho Flashcards
What percentage of normal children have aniscoria?
25%
Which pupil is larger in aniscoria?
Depends on if its a defect in pupillary constriction or dilation Defect in constriction = abnormal pupil is LARGER Defect in dilation = abnormal pupil is SMALLER
Which sport is the most common cause of eye injury in Canada?
hockey
What is the order of sinus development?
Ethmoid (at birth) Maxillary (at birth, air by 4yo) Sphenoid (at 5yo) Frontal (at 7-8yo until teens)
Which infection is most commonly associated with trismus?
Peritonsillar abscess
What is Lemierre disease?
Extension of oropharyngeal fusobacterium necrophorum infection to cause: 1. Septic thrombophlebitis of internal jugular vein 2. Embolic abscesses in lungs
What is the eye finding and what disorder is this associated with?
Cherry red spot Tay-sachs disease (sphingolipid disorder)
When is a hyphema at highest risk of rebleeding?
3-5days
What percentage of NLDO resolve by 18mo?
90%
When should patients be referred to ophthalmology for none resolving NLDO?
6mo
What are the indications for ENT referral for tympanostomy tubes?
- Chronic bilateral OME >3m
- Recurrent AOM w/ unilateral or bilateral MEE (>3 in 6m or >4 in 12m w/ one in last 6m)
- Children @ increased risk for language, speech, or learning problems w/ recurrent AOM
- Children w/ effusion and hearing loss
Maybe:
- Children w/ unilateral or bilateral OME for >3m w/ symptoms including vestibular problems, poor school performance, behavioral problems, ear discomfort, or reduced QOL
- At-risk children w/ unilateral or bilateral OME that is unlikely to resolve quickly as reflected by type B flat tympanogram or persistence of effusion for >3m
What are indications for ENT referral for tonsillectomy?
- Recurrent strep pharyngitis (7 in 1y OR 5/y in last 2y OR 3/y in last 3y)
- OSA or sleep disordered breathing
- PFAPA
- Chronic GAS carrier w/ history of rheumatic fever
- Tonsillar airway obstruction
