Orthopedics and Rheumatology Flashcards
Which bony lesion has a “sunburst” appearance?
Osteogenic sarcoma OR osteosarcoma
What is a periosteal elevation a sign of?
Osteogenic sarcoma
What is the best determination of scoliosis on physical examination?
Asymmetric ribcage on bending forward
What intervention worsens outcomes in Osgoode-Schlater’s disease?
Casting
What is “onion-skinning” periosteal reaction a sign of?
Ewing Sarcoma
Which tumor is usually in the metaphyses of long bones?
Osteosarcoma
Which tumor is usually in diaphyses of long bones, flat bones?
Ewing Sarcoma
What is the position of the septic hip?
Abducted and externally rotated
What classical skin finding is associated with scarlet fever?
Sandpaper rash
Pastia’s lines
What skin finding is classically associated with Lyme disease?
Erythema migrans
What skin findings is classically associated with systemic JIA?
Evanescent non-fixed erythematous rash
What is the alternative for IVIG in Kawasaki’s disease?
ASA and steroids
What are the classical manifestations of DRESS?
- Fever
- Rash
- Hepatitis
Which condition is associated with pulmonary findings, eosinophilia, and mild hypercalcemia?
Sarcoidosis
What is the most common childhood wrist fracture?
Greenstick fracture
What are the guidelines for surgical management of scoliosis?
- Skeletally mature patients with >50 degree curve
2. Skeletally immature patients with progressive curves >45 degree
What patients should consider bracing for scoliosis?
Skeletally immature patients >20 degrees
What laboratory finding is associated with Kawasaki’s disease?
Hypoalbuminemia
What is the differential for extension low back pain with insidious onset?
Spondylolysis with positive bone scan
Posterior element overuse with negative bone scan
What is a complication of oligoarticular JIA (esp. ANA positive)?
Uveitis
What are complications of neonatal lupus?
- Cytopenias
- Neonatal rash
- Heart block
- Hepatitis
What complication of HSP is most likely to cause long term morbidity?
Glomerulonephritis
What are physical findings in OI Type 1?
- Blue sclerae
- Hyperextensible joints
- Thin skin
- Easy bruising
- Scoliosis
- Mild short stature
What are physical findings in OI Type 2?
- Relative macrocephaly
- Triangular facies
- Flaring of rib cage at the base
- Scoliosis
- Extreme short stature
What organisms can cause Reiter syndrome?
- Shigella
- Campylobacter
- Chlamydia
- Gonorrhea
- Salmonella
- Yersinia
