Respiritary Diseases and Treatments

Question 1

How much of the population are affected by a respiriray disease

Answer 1

20% the 3rd biggest killer

Question 2

How does asthma affect the inter organs in the lungs

Answer 2

The bronchi and bronchioles have smooth mucle airways. The mucosa lining the airways are constantly inflamed making the tissue hyper-responsive to allergens/triggers.
When an allergen is present it contracts the muscle causing the mucosa to beome even confined.

Question 3

What makes the coughing in asthma

Answer 3

mucus in the airway

Question 4

what makes the tight chest feeling in asthma

Answer 4

smooth muscle contraction

Question 5

what makes the wheezing noise in asthma

Answer 5

narrow airways

Question 6

Symptoms of Asthma

Answer 6

Chest Tightness, Dysapnea, Bradyapnea, Tachyapnea, Pain, Anxiety and Distress, Sounds, Skin Colour

Question 7

Cyanosis

Answer 7

Blue skin

Question 8

Erythmia

Answer 8

Skin Redness

Question 9

Diagnostic Tests for Asthma

Answer 9

Respiritary Rate
Oxygen Saturations
Spiromotary 
Blood Gasses
Chest X-ray 
Peak Flow
Lung Biopsy

Question 10

What do blood gasses show for asthma

Answer 10

Can diagnose respiritary alkelosis with dangerous levels of hypoxia, hypercemia.

Question 11

what can exhaserbate respiritary disease

Answer 11

pollution
irritants 
smoking
injury 
disease 
purfume 
injury

Question 12

Acute bronchitis

Answer 12

short term inflimation of the bronchi caused by infection

Question 13

COPD

Answer 13

long term inflimation of the bronchi and emohysema (dammage to the air sacs in the lungs)

Question 14

Uppper respiritary tract infections

Answer 14

common cold, sinusitis, tonsilitis, laryngitis

Question 15

Lower respiritary tract infections

Answer 15

bronchitis, chest infection, phenumonia

Question 16

ARDS

Answer 16

lungs cannot supply enough oxgyen to the body, caused by sepsis, servere flu, near drowning etc

Question 17

phenumothorax

Answer 17

air trapped in the cavities causing collapsed lung

Question 18

Haemothorax

Answer 18

blood build up in the pleural cavity

Question 19

pleural effusion

Answer 19

fluid build up in the lung

Question 20

cystic fibrosis

Answer 20

build up of mucus causing increased infection also associated with diabetes and osteoperosis

Question 21

Treatment in respiritary conditions

Answer 21

oxygen therapy
chest drain 
physiotherapy 
Medications- Inhalers, steroids, antibiotics
extracorpial membrane oxygenation 
surgery & transplants

Question 22

why can respiritary conditions be more prevelant in learning disabilities

Answer 22

Increased Prevalence for people with Downs’ Syndrome

Dysphagia

Sleep Disturbance

Under/Non-Diagnosis of physical conditions such as these

The effects of medications

Question 23

what does EMCO stand for

Answer 23

Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Question 24

what are the types of medications used for respiritary disease

Answer 24

corticosteroids, bronchodialators, antibiotics

Question 25

Nursing interventions for COPD patients

Answer 25

Keep saturations 88-93%
rationale: too much oxygen will cause hypoventalation and turn 02 toxic.

Educate purse lip breathing : encurages patient to breathe out longer to expel C02.

Diaphramic breathing: encurages intercolostal muscle breathing to have more control and use less body effort to breathe.

Medication Inhalers- long/short acting bronchodiolators , corticosteroids etc

Educate high calorie and protein meals (small meals) will reduce a small expanding diophram. MUscle breathing needs protein.

Hydrated unless its contra indicated to keep mucus secretions thin so airway isnt blocked.

Avoid irritants: triggers excaserbation.

Avoid smoking: Works as an irritat

Flu vaccinations

phenumonia vaccine every 5 years.