RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:Pathway and Structures Flashcards
What is respiration?
Breathing (Inspiration and Expiration)
Transport of gases through blood
Cellular respiration
Pathway of air
Nose–Sinus–Pharynx/throat–Epiglottis–Larynx–Trachea–Bronchi–Bronchioles–Alveoli
What is the nasal cavities responsible for?
Filtering the air
moistening the air
warm air
tear ducts, cranial sinuses and ears empty into nasal cavities
What is the Pharynx/throat?
Common passage for air and food
What is the epiglottis/what does it do?
Flap of tissue that covers the top of the trachea when swallowing to prevent food from entering the lungs
What is the larynx?
air passes through the larynx when epiglottis is open
voice box
What is the trachea
windpipe
held open by c-shaped rings of cartilage
lined with cilia and mucous glands to trap debris
conducts air into the bronchi
What is the bronchi?
The trachea splits into 2 bronchi
have cartilage rings and cilia
branch into smaller passageways called bronchioles
What are Bronchioles?
have Cilia
carry air to alveoli
what are alveoli?
Sac-like ending at the end of bronchioles
site of gas exchange
What are the functions of alveoli?
Numerous thin walls stretch receptors Moist Rich blood supply Lined with layer of lipoproteins
What is the diaphragm?
dome shaped muscle that separates chest cavity from abdominal cavity
Inhale=diaphragm flattens
Exhale=returns to dome shape
What are the ribs/muscles?
bones connected to the vertebral column and the sternum
intercostal muscles between ribs that help them move
Which way do the ribs move when you Inhale? Exhale?
Inhale=up and out
Exhale=down and in
What are the lungs?
suspended in the thoracic cavity
right lung has 3 lobes and left has 2 lobes
