CIRCULATORY SYSTEM: Circulation and Blood Flashcards
Blood is made up of:
Solid(45) and liquid components (55)
S-Plasma
L-RBC and WBC
Plasma contains ________?
Water (91%)- to maintain blood volume and transport molecules
Proteins (7%)- for clotting
Miscellaneous (2%)- salt, gases and nutrients etc
Solid component of blood contains?
RBC (erythrocytes)
WBC (Leukocytes)
Platlets (Thrombocytes)
Red blood cell structure? (erythrocytes)
No nuclei biconcave discs contains hemoglobin molecules and antigens made in red bone marrow lives for 120 days
Red blood cell function? (erythrocytes)
Transports O2, CO2, and H+
acts as buffer
White blood cell structure? (Leukocytes)
Have nucleus
larger and fewer than RBCS
formed in bone marrow and lymph tissue
Squeeze out blood vessels and attack invaders
White blood cell function? (Leukocytes)
Fight infection (produce antibodies or phagocytosis of pathogen)
Types of white blood cells? (5)
BASOPHILS- release histone when damaged which cause capillaries to dilate (swelling)
NEUTROPHILS, MONOCYTES and EOSINOPHILS- become macrophages at site of infection (phagocytic)
(inflammatory response)
LYMPHOCYTES: T-cells- trigger immune response
B-Cells- release antibodies
Platelets structure ?(Thrombocytes)
Fragments of cells (irregular shape)
No nuclei
made in bone marrow
Platelets function?
Aid in blood clotting
recognize micro tears in blood vessels and bind together to form a blood clot
Describe clot formation
-When injured blood protein, Fibrinogen is changed into Fibrin
Platelets + fibrinogen= fibrin
-Fibrin then clumps at injury site and partially blocks leak
-traps blood cells to clot injured site
What are bone marrow stem cells?
Cells that are capable of dividing and differentiating into particular types: ex) RBC and WBC provide solution for disease
What are antigens? What are the 2 types on human rbcs?
Identification glycoprotein on a red blood cell
2 types: A or B
What are antibodies?
Protein designed to combat foreign proteins
- made by WBC
- bind to foreign proteins with foreign antibodies
- cause agglutination for WBC to destroy
What is agglutination?
clumping of cells
What type of antibodies do our blood have?
Our blood has antibodies that are opposite to antigens on our RBCs so we do not attack our own blood
Types of blood and their antibodies?
Type A —-> type B antibodies
Type B—> type A antibodies
Type AB—> no antibodies
Type O—–> Type A & B antibodies
What are bone marrow stem cells?
Cells that are capable of dividing and differentiating into particular types: ex) RBC and WBC provide solution for disease
What are antigens? What are the 2 types on human rbcs?
Identification glycoprotein on a red blood cell
2 types: A or B
What are antibodies?
Protein designed to combat foreign proteins
- made by WBC
- bind to foreign proteins with foreign antibodies
- cause agglutination for WBC to destroy
What is agglutination?
clumping of cells
What type of antibodies do our blood have?
Our blood has antibodies that are opposite to antigens on our RBCs so we do not attack our own blood
Types of blood and their antibodies?
Type A —-> type B antibodies
Type B—>
Universal donor
Can donate to anyone (O)
