Respiratory system- further from worksheet Flashcards
Extra info from completion of worksheet
What is systemic respiration?
(internal)- gas exchange between blood and cells inside body.
What is the conducting division of the resp. system?
Nose, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles.
What is the respiratory division of the resp. system?
The part used for gaseous exchange (alveoli).
What is the choana?
This the opening between the nasal cavity and nasopharynx.
What is the function of hard and soft palates?
Aid speech, swallowing and breathing.
What are the functions of the larynx?
(voice box)- plays role in speech and routes and food into proper channels.
What is vibrissae?
These are the thick hairs in our nose that catch large particles and dust.
What is the conchae?
Found in nasal cavity- increase SA of mucosa exposed to the air and increase air turbulence.
What are the Olfactory nerve endings?
In root of nose- check quality of inspired air.
Where is the pharyngeal tonsil located?
High in nasopharynx.
Where are the palatine/ lingual tonsils located?
Base of the tongue.
What are the vestibular folds?
These are superior to the vocal cords- provides protection to larynx and more delicate vocal cords.
What is the function of the vocal cords?
These vibrate expelled air.
Why is Adam’s apple more prominent in males?
Significant growth of larynx during puberty due to testosterone.
Why do adult males have deeper voices than women?
Changes in larynx- testosterone cause vocal cords to lengthen and permanently thicken.
What is a fissure in lung?
These separate lobes in the lung.
What are the fissures in the right lung?
Horizontal fissure (middle), oblique fissure (the bottom).
What is the fissure in the left lung?
The oblique fissure.
What is the role of the cardiac notch?
This is the space where the heart sits between the lungs.
What is a bronchopulmonary segment?
This is a section of the lung that is supplied with its own bronchus and artery (its vessels).
What is the function of a bronchiole?
These carry air the alveoli.
What is the function of a terminal bronchiole?
These make sure air distributed to all of the lungs- can be used for gas exchange in alveoli.
What is the function of type 1 alveolar cells?
These provide a thin covering to prevent fluid loss (easier for gas exchange).
What is the function of type 2 alveolar cells?
These secrete surfactant, movement of water.
What is the function of alveolar macrophages?
These get rid of pathogens in the alveoli.
What is the respiratory membrane?
The air- blood barrier. Has gas flowing on one side and blood on the other. Thin to allow for oxygen to diffuse into blood etc.
What are the order of structures that blood flows through from heart to lungs and back again?
Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery to lungs, pulmonary vein from lungs to heart, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta to tissues.
