RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Question 1

what is the purpose of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

to essentially deliver oxygen to the cells of the body and to remove carbon dioxide

Question 2

what filters the air that enters the body?

Answer 2

the nostrils contain hair that filters the air

Question 3

what does the mucous membrane line?

Answer 3

the mucous membrane lines the nose and the nasal cavities

Question 4

what does the mucous membrane do?

Answer 4

the mucous membrane helps to warm and moisten the air as it passes through

Question 5

what does the air pass into after leaving the nasal cavities?

Answer 5

the pharynx

Question 6

what does the pharynx extend down to?

Answer 6

the pharynx extends down to the larynx and the esophagus

Question 7

what is the other pathway for air?

Answer 7

through the mouth

Question 8

after the air enters the mouth , where does it pass?

Answer 8

the air passes posteriorly into the pharynx

Question 9

describe the pharynx.

Answer 9

the pharynx is a muscular tube

Question 10

where is the pharynx located?

Answer 10

posteriorly behind the mouth and nasal cavities

Question 11

what does the pharynx join the nasal cavities and mouth to?

Answer 11

the esophagus and the larynx below

Question 12

list the 3 parts of the pharynx

Answer 12

nasopharynx[at the top]
oropharynx[just behind the mouth]
laryngopharynx[sits inferiorly]

Question 13

what is the thyroid cartilage commonly called?

Answer 13

Adams Apple

laryngeal prominence

Question 14

what is the larynx also known as?

Answer 14

the voice box

Question 15

where does the larynx sit?

Answer 15

just behind the hyoid bone[below the hyoid]

Question 16

why is the larynx important?

Answer 16

the larynx is important because it produces the voice and allows air into and out of the lungs

Question 17

what does the larynx consist of?

Answer 17

several cartilages - the largest being the thyroid cartilage

Question 18

what does the larynx connect the laryngopharynx to?

Answer 18

the larynx connects the laryngopharynx to the trachea below

Question 19

describe the trachea.

Answer 19

the trachea is a long pipe

Question 20

what does the trachea connect the larynx to?

Answer 20

the lungs

Question 21

what does the trachea have on it?

Answer 21

the trachea has c-shaped cartilaginous rings - help form a structure

Question 22

what does the trachea consist of posteriorly?

Answer 22

the trachea consists of smooth muscle posteriorly

Question 23

trachea splits into 2. name the parts that it splits into?

Answer 23

right & left bronchus [bronchi = plural]

Question 24

what is the place where the bronchus enters the lung called?

Answer 24

hilum

Question 25

where do the pulmonary veins enter the lung?

Answer 25

by the hilum

Question 26

what does the pulmonary arteries carry?

Answer 26

deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs to be oxygenated

Question 27

what do the pulmonary veins carry?

Answer 27

oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

Question 28

the bronchi divides further once it enters the lungs. what does the primary bronchi divide into?

Answer 28

the lobar bronchi - secondary bronchi

Question 29

what does the lobar bronchi divide into?

Answer 29

the segmental bronchi - tertiary bronchi

Question 30

the trachea divides into the ...

Answer 30

primary right and left bronchus

Question 31

the bronchi end up dividing into ...

Answer 31

bronchioles

Question 32

describe bronchioles

Answer 32

bronchioles are smaller and lack cartilage

Question 33

what do the bronchioles form?

Answer 33

alveolar ducts

Question 34

the alveolar ducts lead to ..

Answer 34

alveolar sacs

Question 35

what do alveolar sacs form?

Answer 35

alveoli

Question 36

what is alveoli responsible for?

Answer 36

alveoli are responsible for gas exchange , have a huge surface area for diffusion , have a rich blood supply and very thin

Question 37

what does the lobar bronchi do?

Answer 37

the lobar bronchi supplies the LOBES lung with air

Question 38

the right lung has ..

Answer 38

3 lobes

Question 39

list the 3 lobes of the right lung.

Answer 39

superior lobe , middle lobe and an inferior lobe

Question 40

what are the lobes separated by?

Answer 40

the lobes are separated by fissures

Question 41

name the fissure that separates the superior and middle lobe.

Answer 41

horizontal fissure

Question 42

what does the oblique fissure separate?

Answer 42

the middle and inferior lobes at the front. the superior and inferior lobes at the back

Question 43

list the 2 lobes of the left lung

Answer 43

superior and inferior

Question 44

name the fissure the separates the superior and inferior lobe of the left lung

Answer 44

oblique fissure

Question 45

how many right and left lobar bronchi are present?/

Answer 45

3 right lobar bronchi | 2 left lobar bronchi

Question 46

what are the lobes further divided into?

Answer 46

bronchopulmonary segments

Question 47

how many bronchopulmonary segments does each lung have?

Answer 47

10 bronchopulmonary segments

Question 48

what supplies these bronchopulmonary segments?

Answer 48

the segmental bronchi - tertiary bronchi

Question 49

lobar bronchi supply the ..

Answer 49

lobes of the lungs

Question 50

what are the lungs surrounded by?

Answer 50

a pleural cavity

Question 51

what is the pleura/pleural cavities?

Answer 51

the pleura/pleural cavities are a serous membrane that lines the lungs

Question 52

list the 2 pleura/pleural cavities

Answer 52

visceral pleural | parietal pleural

Question 53

where does the visceral pleural lie?

Answer 53

the visceral pleural lies closely to the lungs and adheres closely to the lung tissue

Question 54

what does the parietal pleural line?

Answer 54

the parietal pleural lines the thorax

Question 55

where are the parietal and visceral pleural layers continuous?

Answer 55

at the hilum

Question 56

what is situated between the visceral pleura and parietal pleura?

Answer 56

the pleural cavity

Question 57

what does the pleural cavity contain?

Answer 57

pleural fluid

Question 58

describe the space between visceral and parietal pleura.

Answer 58

it is a potential space

Question 59

in normality , the parietal and visceral pleura are in ...

Answer 59

very close contact

Question 60

what is in between the parietal and visceral pleura?

Answer 60

a thin layer of pleural fluid

Question 61

the parietal pleura is the..

Answer 61

outer layer

Question 62

CROSS SECTION OF THE LUNGS. where does the visceral pleura lie?

Answer 62

the visceral pleura lies very close to the lung and goes into the fissures.

Question 63

CROSS SECTION OF THE LUNGS. where is the visceral pleura continuous with the parietal pleura?

Answer 63

at the hilum