Respiratory System

Question 1

What is external respiration?

Answer 1

Exchange of gases between blood and lungs

Question 2

What is internal respiration?

Answer 2

Exchange of gases between blood and cells.

Question 3

List the parts of upper respiratory tract.

Answer 3

Nose. Mouth. Pharynx. Larynx

Question 4

List the parts of lower respiratory tract.

Answer 4

Trachea. Bronchi. Lungs. Bronchioles. Avleoli.

Question 5

What is the conductive zone?

Answer 5

The area including all of the airways

Question 6

What is the respiratory zone?

Answer 6

Alveoli, where gas exchange takes place

Question 7

What are the breathing muscles?

Answer 7

Intercostal Muscles. Diaphragm.

Question 8

What happens to breathing muscles during inspiration.

Answer 8

Both the intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract. The rib cage lifts and the diaphragm moves towards abdomen, allowing lung expansion.

Question 9

What is the respiratory centre?

Answer 9

It is found in the medulla of the brain and it helps control respiration by receiving information from chemoreceptors.

Question 10

What are the 2 types of chemoreceptors?

Answer 10

Central (located in medulla). Peripheral (located in arch of aorta and carotid bodies).

Question 11

How do chemoreceptors contribute to control of respiration?

Answer 11

They are sensitive to an increase in arterial PCO2 and a decrease in PO2.

Question 12

What are the main respiratory changes during pregnancy?

Answer 12

Increase in O2 consumption by 20%
40% increase in minute volume
40% increase in tidal volume
20% decrease in volume of air in lungs
75% of women experience breathlessness (hyperventilation)
Shape of chest alters due to progesterone and relaxin on ribcage.
Nasal congestion/nose bleeds