Respiratory System

Question 1

The main function of the respiratory system is that it is responsible for the intake of ___________ and the removal of _______ ________.

Answer 1

oxygen; carbon dioxide

Question 2

What body parts make up the upper respiratory system?

Answer 2

Nose; nasal cavity; olfactory membrane; pharynx (throat); mouth; epiglottis; larynx

Question 3

What body parts make up the lower respiratory system?

Answer 3

Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Breathing muscles

Question 4

What is the primary body part for air intake and the removal of CO2?

Answer 4

the nose

Question 5

Name the 3 functions of the nose?

Answer 5

filtering; moisturizing; warming of air

Question 6

The nose protects the ______ ______.

Answer 6

nasal cavity

Question 7

The nasal cavity is lined with ____ and ____ to stop _____ from getting to the respiratory system.

Answer 7

hair; mucous; contaminants

Question 8

The nose and nasal cavity contain _____ _____, that are responsible for your sense of smell.

Answer 8

olfactory membranes

Question 9

Olfactory epithelium contains olfactory _____ cells.

Answer 9

receptor

Question 10

What on the outside of the olfactory epithelium is stimulated to send a signal through the receptor cells?

Answer 10

cilia

Question 11

The signal sent through the receptor cells goes into the olfactory bulb which converges with the olfactory receptors to make up the ____ _____ ____.

Answer 11

first cranial nerve

Question 12

The mouth is not the primary breathing organ, but what 2 advantages does it have over the nose?

Answer 12

larger in size; closer to the lungs

Question 13

The pharynx, also known as the ______, is made up of ______ muscles connected to a gag reflex.

Answer 13

throat; 17

Question 14

What are the 3 components of the pharynx?

Answer 14

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

Question 15

Which part of the pharynx does air come in and pass through first? It is the first place that air will come in and is superior to the soft palate.

Answer 15

nasopharnyx

Question 16

The nasopharnyx connects to the _____ tubes in the middle ears. They allow air pressure in the eardrum to be ______.

Answer 16

eustachian tubes; equalized

Question 17

What part of the pharynx starts at the soft palate, traveling down to the epiglottis? Hint: it is where air enters in from the mouth and the same passageway used for transporting food.

Answer 17

oropharynx

Question 18

Which part of the pharynx does both air and food pass through, it begins at the epiglottis and leads down the esophagus?

Answer 18

larygopharynx

Question 19

What could inflame the eustachian tubes, maybe causing an earache?

Answer 19

a common cold or the flu

Question 20

What body part apart of the upper respiratory system sits on top of the larynx, like a flap?

Answer 20

epiglottis

Question 21

When you swallow, the epiglottis covers the ______. When you breathe, the epiglottis covers the _______.

Answer 21

trachea; esophagus

Question 22

Air enters the _____; food enters the _____.

Answer 22

trachea; esophagus

Question 23

The epiglottis is made of _____ _____.

Answer 23

elastic cartilage

Question 24

Your voice box is also known as your _____.

Answer 24

larynx

Question 25

Where is the larynx located?

Answer 25

between the pharynx and trachea

Question 26

To produce sound, air passes through the larynx, and vibrates ____ _____ ____.

Answer 26

mucous membrane folds

Question 27

What three things make up the larynx?

Answer 27

epiglottis; thyroid cartilage; cricoid cartilage

Question 28

Thyroid cartilage that is external cartilage plates come together to prevent the collapse of the larynx is sometimes referred to as the ____ _____.

Answer 28

adam's apple

Question 29

In the lower respiratory tract, the windpipe is known as the ______.

Answer 29

trachea

Question 30

The trachea is located between the ______ and the ______

Answer 30

larynx and the bronchi

Question 31

The trachea is ____ tissue, _____ muscle, and is made up of ____ cartilage rings.

Answer 31

fibrous; smooth; 20

Question 32

In the trachea, the inner lining is ______ tissue that contains goblet cells, which produce _____.

Answer 32

epithelial; mucous

Question 33

What are small hairlike projections on the epithelial tissue that trap particles and filter mucous as air travels down the trachea?

Answer 33

cilia

Question 34

What removes the foreign particles on the surface of the trachea after the cilia capture it?

Answer 34

the lymphatic vessels

Question 35

The lungs are split into lobes. The right lung has ____ lobes, and the left lung has ___ lobes.

Answer 35

3; 2

Question 36

The left lung is distinguishable from the right lung because it has the _____ _____, which houses the heart.

Answer 36

cardiac notch

Question 37

Think of the trachea to the alveoli like a tree branch. The trachea would be the ______; primary, secondary, and tertiary bronchi the _______; the bronchioles the ______; and the alveoli the _____.

Answer 37

trunk; branches; twigs; flowers

Question 38

The bronchioles are made up of _____ muscle and _____ fiber tissue, allowing them to easily change diameter.

Answer 38

smooth; elastic

Question 39

Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs?

Answer 39

alveoli

Question 40

The alveoli are are surrounded by the ______.

Answer 40

capillaries

Question 41

The alveolus is covered in _____ fluid and helps keep the alveolar sac moist.

Answer 41

alveolar fluid

Question 42

The lungs contain the _____, _______, ___-__, and ____ ______.

Answer 42

bonchi; bronchioles; alveoli; blood vessels

Question 43

The double layered membrane surrounding the lungs is called the ______.

Answer 43

pleura

Question 44

The outer layer of the pleura is called the ______ pleura and the inner layer called the _____ pleura. The cavity in between is called the ____ _____.

Answer 44

parietal pleura; visceral pleura; pleural cavity

Question 45

The pleural cavity allows the lungs to _____.

Answer 45

expand

Question 46

At the site of the alveoli, _______ crosses the membrane out, and _____ _____ crosses the membrane into the alveoli.

Answer 46

oxygen; carbon dioxide

Question 47

The skeletal muscle under the lungs that sits as the floor of the thorax is called the _______.

Answer 47

diaphragm

Question 48

The muscles in between the ribs that help with inspiration and expiration are called the _______ muscles.

Answer 48

intercostal

Question 49

The internal intercostal muscles help with breathing ______ by depressing the ribs and compressing the thoracic cavity. Hint: think opposites - INternal - breathing ____

Answer 49

out

Question 50

The external intercostal muscles help with breathing ____. | Hint: think opposites - EXternal - breathing ___

Answer 50

in

Question 51

When breathing, gases travel from an area of ____ pressure to an are of ____ pressure.

Answer 51

high pressure; low pressure

Question 52

The pressure inside the lungs is called ______ pressure. The pressure outside the body is called the _______ pressure.

Answer 52

intrapulmonary; atmospheric

Question 53

When inhaling, volume in the lungs ______, causing the diaphragm to move _____.

Answer 53

increases; down

Question 54

Inhalation - Intrapulmonary volume ______ Intrapulmonary pressure ______. Pressure in the lungs is _____ than the atmosphere.

Answer 54

increases decreases lower

Question 55

When exhaling, volume in the lungs _____, causing the diaphragm _____.

Answer 55

decreases; up

Question 56

Exhalation - Intrapulmonary volume _____ Intrapulmonary pressure ______ Pressure in the lungs is ________ than the atmosphere.

Answer 56

decreases increases higher

Question 57

The total lung capacity is the amount of gas in the lungs after _____ ______.

Answer 57

max inspiration

Question 58

The vital capacity is the amount of gas that can be ______ after maximum _____.

Answer 58

exhaled; inspiration

Question 59

The residual volume is the amount of gas remaining in the lungs after a ______ ______.

Answer 59

maximum expiration

Question 60

Total lung capacity = ____ _____ + _____ _____

Answer 60

vital capacity + residual volume

Question 61

Tidal volume is the amount a person ______ and _____ during normal shallow breathing.

Answer 61

inhales; expires

Question 62

IRV is how much you can inhale beyond a normal ______.

Answer 62

inhalation

Question 63

ERV is the amount of gas an individual can _____ beyond a normal expiration.

Answer 63

exhale