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TEAS TEST > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

The main function of the respiratory system is that it is responsible for the intake of ___________ and the removal of _______ ________.

A

oxygen; carbon dioxide

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2
Q

What body parts make up the upper respiratory system?

A

Nose; nasal cavity; olfactory membrane; pharynx (throat); mouth; epiglottis; larynx

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3
Q

What body parts make up the lower respiratory system?

A

Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Breathing muscles

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4
Q

What is the primary body part for air intake and the removal of CO2?

A

the nose

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5
Q

Name the 3 functions of the nose?

A

filtering; moisturizing; warming of air

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6
Q

The nose protects the ______ ______.

A

nasal cavity

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7
Q

The nasal cavity is lined with ____ and ____ to stop _____ from getting to the respiratory system.

A

hair; mucous; contaminants

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8
Q

The nose and nasal cavity contain _____ _____, that are responsible for your sense of smell.

A

olfactory membranes

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9
Q

Olfactory epithelium contains olfactory _____ cells.

A

receptor

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10
Q

What on the outside of the olfactory epithelium is stimulated to send a signal through the receptor cells?

A

cilia

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11
Q

The signal sent through the receptor cells goes into the olfactory bulb which converges with the olfactory receptors to make up the ____ _____ ____.

A

first cranial nerve

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12
Q

The mouth is not the primary breathing organ, but what 2 advantages does it have over the nose?

A

larger in size; closer to the lungs

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13
Q

The pharynx, also known as the ______, is made up of ______ muscles connected to a gag reflex.

A

throat; 17

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14
Q

What are the 3 components of the pharynx?

A

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

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15
Q

Which part of the pharynx does air come in and pass through first? It is the first place that air will come in and is superior to the soft palate.

A

nasopharnyx

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16
Q

The nasopharnyx connects to the _____ tubes in the middle ears. They allow air pressure in the eardrum to be ______.

A

eustachian tubes; equalized

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17
Q

What part of the pharynx starts at the soft palate, traveling down to the epiglottis? Hint: it is where air enters in from the mouth and the same passageway used for transporting food.

A

oropharynx

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18
Q

Which part of the pharynx does both air and food pass through, it begins at the epiglottis and leads down the esophagus?

A

larygopharynx

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19
Q

What could inflame the eustachian tubes, maybe causing an earache?

A

a common cold or the flu

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20
Q

What body part apart of the upper respiratory system sits on top of the larynx, like a flap?

A

epiglottis

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21
Q

When you swallow, the epiglottis covers the ______. When you breathe, the epiglottis covers the _______.

A

trachea; esophagus

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22
Q

Air enters the _____; food enters the _____.

A

trachea; esophagus

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23
Q

The epiglottis is made of _____ _____.

A

elastic cartilage

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24
Q

Your voice box is also known as your _____.

A

larynx

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25
Q

Where is the larynx located?

A

between the pharynx and trachea

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26
Q

To produce sound, air passes through the larynx, and vibrates ____ _____ ____.

A

mucous membrane folds

27
Q

What three things make up the larynx?

A

epiglottis; thyroid cartilage; cricoid cartilage

28
Q

Thyroid cartilage that is external cartilage plates come together to prevent the collapse of the larynx is sometimes referred to as the ____ _____.

A

adam’s apple

29
Q

In the lower respiratory tract, the windpipe is known as the ______.

A

trachea

30
Q

The trachea is located between the ______ and the ______

A

larynx and the bronchi

31
Q

The trachea is ____ tissue, _____ muscle, and is made up of ____ cartilage rings.

A

fibrous; smooth; 20

32
Q

In the trachea, the inner lining is ______ tissue that contains goblet cells, which produce _____.

A

epithelial; mucous

33
Q

What are small hairlike projections on the epithelial tissue that trap particles and filter mucous as air travels down the trachea?

A

cilia

34
Q

What removes the foreign particles on the surface of the trachea after the cilia capture it?

A

the lymphatic vessels

35
Q

The lungs are split into lobes. The right lung has ____ lobes, and the left lung has ___ lobes.

A

3; 2

36
Q

The left lung is distinguishable from the right lung because it has the _____ _____, which houses the heart.

A

cardiac notch

37
Q

Think of the trachea to the alveoli like a tree branch. The trachea would be the ______; primary, secondary, and tertiary bronchi the _______; the bronchioles the ______; and the alveoli the _____.

A

trunk; branches; twigs; flowers

38
Q

The bronchioles are made up of _____ muscle and _____ fiber tissue, allowing them to easily change diameter.

A

smooth; elastic

39
Q

Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs?

A

alveoli

40
Q

The alveoli are are surrounded by the ______.

A

capillaries

41
Q

The alveolus is covered in _____ fluid and helps keep the alveolar sac moist.

A

alveolar fluid

42
Q

The lungs contain the _____, _______, ___-__, and ____ ______.

A

bonchi; bronchioles; alveoli; blood vessels

43
Q

The double layered membrane surrounding the lungs is called the ______.

A

pleura

44
Q

The outer layer of the pleura is called the ______ pleura and the inner layer called the _____ pleura. The cavity in between is called the ____ _____.

A

parietal pleura; visceral pleura; pleural cavity

45
Q

The pleural cavity allows the lungs to _____.

A

expand

46
Q

At the site of the alveoli, _______ crosses the membrane out, and _____ _____ crosses the membrane into the alveoli.

A

oxygen; carbon dioxide

47
Q

The skeletal muscle under the lungs that sits as the floor of the thorax is called the _______.

A

diaphragm

48
Q

The muscles in between the ribs that help with inspiration and expiration are called the _______ muscles.

A

intercostal

49
Q

The internal intercostal muscles help with breathing ______ by depressing the ribs and compressing the thoracic cavity.
Hint: think opposites - INternal - breathing ____

A

out

50
Q

The external intercostal muscles help with breathing ____.

Hint: think opposites - EXternal - breathing ___

A

in

51
Q

When breathing, gases travel from an area of ____ pressure to an are of ____ pressure.

A

high pressure; low pressure

52
Q

The pressure inside the lungs is called ______ pressure. The pressure outside the body is called the _______ pressure.

A

intrapulmonary; atmospheric

53
Q

When inhaling, volume in the lungs ______, causing the diaphragm to move _____.

A

increases; down

54
Q

Inhalation - Intrapulmonary volume ______
Intrapulmonary pressure ______.

Pressure in the lungs is _____ than the atmosphere.

A

increases
decreases

lower

55
Q

When exhaling, volume in the lungs _____, causing the diaphragm _____.

A

decreases; up

56
Q

Exhalation - Intrapulmonary volume _____
Intrapulmonary pressure ______

Pressure in the lungs is ________ than the atmosphere.

A

decreases
increases

higher

57
Q

The total lung capacity is the amount of gas in the lungs after _____ ______.

A

max inspiration

58
Q

The vital capacity is the amount of gas that can be ______ after maximum _____.

A

exhaled; inspiration

59
Q

The residual volume is the amount of gas remaining in the lungs after a ______ ______.

A

maximum expiration

60
Q

Total lung capacity = ____ _____ + _____ _____

A

vital capacity + residual volume

61
Q

Tidal volume is the amount a person ______ and _____ during normal shallow breathing.

A

inhales; expires

62
Q

IRV is how much you can inhale beyond a normal ______.

A

inhalation

63
Q

ERV is the amount of gas an individual can _____ beyond a normal expiration.

A

exhale

TEAS TEST (15 decks)

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