Digestive System Flashcards
The digestive system is responsible for the ______ and ______ of food and the removal of food _____ _____.
intake; processing; waste products.
The GI tracts consists of the organs through which food passes on its way through the body. Try to name the 6.
oral cavity pharynx esophagus stomach small intestine large intestines
What are some accessory organs to the digestive system, meaning that while food does not pass directly through them, they still have a role in processing food?
teeth tongue salivary glands liver gallbladder pancreas
Oral cavity aka the _____.
mouth
The digestive system begins with the ______, which contains ______ that aid in digestion.
mouth; teeth
Teeth are made out of ______.
dentin
What accessory organ is also in the mouth, that contains the taste buds and moves food around as it is processed by the teeth?
tongue
The ______ _____ produce saliva.
salivary glands
How many pairs of salivary glands are there? The saliva they produce lubricates and digests ______.
3; carbohydrates
What is the tube that enables the passage of food and air further into the body?
pharynx
The needs the help of what respiratory organ?
the epiglottis
The epiglottis allows food to pass from the pharynx into the _______, by closing up the covering to the ______.
esophagus; larynx
When you breathe in, is the esophagus open or closed?
closed - so air can pass only into the larynx
A _______ is any circular muscle that controls movement of substances through passageways.
sphincter
What begins at the pharynx and carries food all the way to stomach?
esophagus
During vomiting, the ______ helps push food ____.
esophagus; up
What are on opposite ends of the esophagus, closing when food is not passing through?
two rings of muscle called sphincters
When does heartburn occur?
When the bottom sphincter of the esophagus cannot close entirely and allows the contents of the stomach to enter the esophagus.
What part of the stomach connects it to the esophagus? This is also where the lower sphincter of the esophagus is located.
cardia
The largest part of the stomach is called the _____.
body
The last part of the stomach is the _____, located beneath the body. The part of the stomach located above the body is called the _____.
pylorus; fundus
The pylorus controls the passage of partially digested food further down the GI tract through the ______ sphincter.
pyloric
Name the 4 layers of tissue that make up the stomach.
Mucosa - innermost
Submucosa
Muscularis
Serosa
What tissue layer of stomach secretes hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes? The cells that secrete these products are located in pores called what?
mucosa; gastric pits
