Genitourinary System Flashcards
The genitourinary system is sometimes the two systems, the ______ and the ______system because organs function as apart of both of them.
reproductive; urinary
The urinary system excretes _____ and _____ from the body, crucial for maintaining the body’s ______ balance.
water; waste; electrolyte
What are the main organs of the urinary system?
kidneys
The kidneys have a multitude of functions. They filter waste from the ______, maintain ______ balance in the blood, and regulate blood _____, ______, and pH.
blood; electrolyte; volume; pressure
The kidneys also function as an ______ organ, and secretes ______.
endocrine; hormones
The kidneys secrete _____ which helps to regulate blood pressure and _______, the active form of Vitamin D.
renin; calcitriol
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
nephron
Nephrons filter ______, metabolic waste, and other water-soluble water molecules from the blood.
electrolytes
Outermost layer of the kidneys is the renal ______, the innermost layer is called the renal ______.
cortex; medulla
Urea + Uric Acid = _____
urine
______ is a nitrogenous byproduct of protein catabolism.
urea
_____ ______ is a byproduct of nucleic acid metabolism.
uric acid
Filtration begins in a network of capillaries called the ______ located in the renal cortex of each kidney.
glomerulus
Track filtration of waste through the kidneys.
glomerulus; collecting ducts (renal medulla) - renal pelvis - ureters - urinary bladder - urethra
The bladder exit is controlled by ____ sphincters. The internal sphincter is made of smooth involuntary muscle, while the external can be ______ controlled.
2; voluntarily
