Respiratory system

Question 1

Study of lungs

Answer 1

Pulmonology

Question 2

Cellular respiration

Answer 2

cellular process which carbohydrates are converted into ATP energy

Question 3

Physiological respiration

Answer 3

Movement of oxygen from outside environment into cells within tissues, removal of carbon dioxide in opposite direction

Question 4

External respiration

Answer 4

Breathing
Exchange of gasses between alveoli and blood
Involves bringing air into lungs and releasing air into atmos

Question 5

Internal respiration

Answer 5

Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged btw blood vessels and body cells

Question 6

Conductive zone

Answer 6

structures which convey air from outside body to lungs:

Cleans air entering lungs, warms air to 37 degrees before entering alveoli, saturates air with moisture (protects alveoli from drying out)

Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles

Question 7

Respiratory zone

Answer 7

structures involved in gas exchange:

bronchioles, alveoli

Question 8

Nasal passage/oral cavity

Answer 8

mouth and nose intake air and breathe out waste

Air is warmed by blood passing thro large # of capillaries, moistended by mucus membranes, and filtered by hair, cilia, mucus

Question 9

Why do we filter, moisten, and warm our air?

Answer 9

so that our alveoli don’t get damaged, also prevents damage to delicate lung tissue

Question 10

Pharynx

Answer 10

Transports air from nasal passage/oral cav to larynx (esophagus), part of respiratory digestive system

Question 11

Epiglottis

Answer 11

Membrane which covers larynx when you swallow

Food is then directed into your esophagus and not trachea

Question 12

When is epiglottis open (not covering larynx)

Answer 12

When breathing, talking, eating inhaling singing

Question 13

Larynx

Answer 13

Passageway for air only, consists of several pieces of cartilage, contains vocal cords

Vocal cords vibrate as air goes thro them producing sound

Question 14

Trachea

Answer 14

Tube that carries air to bronchi, contains c shaped rings of cartilage to provide support to keep it open

Has goblet cells that secrete mucus that traps dust and microorganisms, cilia on epithelial tissue (lines inside trachea) directs mucus up epiglottis then swallowed and digested

Question 15

Bronchi

Answer 15

tubes that carry air to bronchioles, site where respiratory system splits into left n right

c shaped cartilage for structure that contains mucus and cillia

Question 16

what are the 3 types of bronchi

Answer 16

primary: left and right main bronchi
Secondary: middle of lungs, lobar bronchi
teritiary: edge of lungs, just before the bronchioles

Question 17

bronchioles

Answer 17

smaller tubes that branch from bronchi

Terminal: Last conducting airway and it gives rise to 2 or more respiratory bronchioles

Respiratory bronchioles: delivers air to alveoli

Question 18

Respiratory zone

Answer 18

gas exchange, alveoli give oxygen to capillaries, capillaries give carbon to alveoli

Question 19

Alveoli

Answer 19

300 mil in each lung, Provides SA, site of gas exchange, wrapped w capillaries (1 cell thick easier for diffusion)

tiny air sacs at the end of bronchioles, where lungs and blood exchange oxygen and carbon

Question 20

3 parts of alveoli

Answer 20

Alveolar duct: leads to sac
Alveoli: one (singular)
Alveolar sacs: bundle of alveoli

Question 21

Whats diffusion

Answer 21

Particles move down concentration gradient from high concen to low

greater the diff, faster the diffusion

Question 22

explain how oxygen moves into alveoli

Answer 22

oxygen moves in, high concen of o2 in alveoli, low concen of o2 in capillaries, o2 diffuses into capillaries (RBC), blood to left side of heart

Question 23

Explain how carbon leaves the alveoli

Answer 23

Co2 moves into capillary from right side of heart, high concen of co2 in capilliaries, low concen of of co2 in alveoli, co2 diffuses into alveoli, co2 moves up respiratory tract