Respiratory System

Question 1

upper respiratory tract components

Answer 1

nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, associated structures

Question 2

lower respiratory tract components

Answer 2

larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, bronchioles, alveoli

Question 2

olfactory epithelium

Answer 2

located inside nasal passage, perceive odors

Question 3

nasopharynx

Answer 3

soft palate floor, directly posterior to nasal cavity, contains openings of Eustachian tubes

Question 4

oropharynx

Answer 4

directly posterior to oral cavity, runs from soft palate to epiglottis

Question 5

laryngopharynx

Answer 5

posterior to larynx, runs from epiglottis to esophagus

Question 6

thyroid cartilage

Answer 6

Adams apple, portion of larynx that protects vocal cords

Question 7

cricoid cartilage

Answer 7

portion of larynx that attaches the vocal cords

Question 8

epiglottis

Answer 8

thyroid cartilage that forms covering during swallowing

Question 9

inelastic vestibular folds

Answer 9

ligaments that serve a protective role in the larynx, “false” folds

Question 10

delicate vocal folds

Answer 10

“true” vocal folds

Question 11

larynx function

Answer 11

maintain an open passage for air movement, epiglottis and vestibular folds prevent swallowed material from moving into the larynx

Question 12

trachea

Answer 12

membranous tube of dense regular tissue that contains the esophagus

Question 13

organization of respiratory system

Answer 13

upper tract= conduction zone, respiratory zone: primary, secondary, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs

Question 14

type 1 pneumocytes

Answer 14

thin squamous epithelial cells of the membrane, form 90% of alveoli surface, site of gas exchange.

Question 15

type 2 pneuomocytes

Answer 15

round/cube shaped secretory cells of the membrane , produce surfactant which keeps cells inflated

Question 16

layers of respiratory membrane

Answer 16

1. thin layer of fluid lining alveolus
2. alveolar epithelium
3. basement membrane
4. thin interstitial space
5. basement membrane of capillary endothelium
6. capillary endothelium

Question 17

hilus

Answer 17

where bronchi and blood vessels enter the lung