endocrine system anatomy Flashcards
neurohypophysis
neuron system extending from hypothalamus to post pit
adenohypophysis
anterior pituitary connected to hypothalamus through capillary plexuses
hypothalamo- hypohyseal portal system
the connection between hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, transports regulatory hormones
hypothalamo- hypohyseal tract
pathway between hypothalamus and post pit
releasing vs inhibiting hormones
both are released from ant pit
releasing: causes an increase in secretion of a specific ant pit hormone
inhibiting: causes a decrease in secretion of a specific ant pit hormone
thyroid stimulating hormone
released by Ant Pit, acts on thyroid, stimulates hormone release
Prolactin
released by Ant Pit, regulates breast milk production in females
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
released by Ant Pit, stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids, increases blood nutrient levels
follicle stimulating and luteinizing hormone (FSH and LH)
released by Ant Pit, act on gonads, development of egg and sperm cells, release of reproductive hormones
growth hormone
released by Ant Pit, stimulates liver to release insulin like growth factors which stimulate cell growth and division, regulates growth/metabolism, tissue maintenance
ADH
released by post pit and produced in hypothalamus, targets the kidney, conserves body water by reducing urine, promotes water reabsorption into circulation
Oxytocin
released by post pit and produced in hypothalamus, targets smooth muscle of uterus and breasts, causes contractions and ejection of breast milk
T3 and T4
released by thyroid, targets most cells in the body to increase protein synthesis for normal growth and maturation, increase body temp
calcitonin
released by thyroid, targets bone to initiate breakdown, kidney ti increase loss of ca in urine
epinephrine and norepinephrine
secreted by adrenal medulla, target heart, blood vessels, liver, adipose tissue, prepares body for physical activity
